Yamaki S, Kawai Y, Yamazaki K
Laboratory of Marine Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato, Hakodate, Japan.
J Appl Microbiol. 2015 Jun;118(6):1541-50. doi: 10.1111/jam.12809. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae is a potent histamine-producing micro-organism. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize a bacteriophage Phda1 that infected P. damselae subsp. damselae to inhibit its growth and histamine accumulation.
Phda1 was isolated from a raw oyster, and the host range, morphology and the bacteriophage genome size were analysed. Phda1 formed a clear plaque only against P. damselae subsp. damselae JCM8969 among five Gram-positive and 32 Gram-negative bacterial strains tested. Phda1 belongs to the family Myoviridae, and its genome size was estimated as 35·2-39·5 kb. According to the one-step growth curve analysis, the latent period, rise period and burst size of Phda1 were 60 min, 50 min and 19 plaque-forming units per infected cell, respectively. Divalent cations, especially Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) , strongly improved Phda1 adsorption to the host cells and its propagation. Phda1 treatment delayed the growth and histamine production of P. damselae subsp. damselae in an in vitro challenge test.
The bacteriophage Phda1 might serve as a potential antimicrobial agent to inhibit the histamine poisoning caused by P. damselae subsp. damselae.
This is the first description of a bacteriophage specifically infecting P. damselae subsp. damselae and its potential applications. Bacteriophage therapy could prove useful in the prevention of histamine poisoning.
美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种是一种能高效产生组胺的微生物。本研究的目的是分离并鉴定一种感染美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种以抑制其生长和组胺积累的噬菌体Phda1。
从生牡蛎中分离出Phda1，并分析其宿主范围、形态和噬菌体基因组大小。在测试的5株革兰氏阳性菌和32株革兰氏阴性菌中，Phda1仅对美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种JCM8969形成清晰的噬菌斑。Phda1属于肌尾噬菌体科，其基因组大小估计为35.2 - 39.5 kb。根据一步生长曲线分析，Phda1的潜伏期、上升期和裂解量分别为60分钟、50分钟和每个感染细胞19个噬菌斑形成单位。二价阳离子，尤其是Ca(2+)和Mg(2+)，能显著提高Phda1对宿主细胞的吸附及其增殖。在体外挑战试验中，Phda1处理延缓了美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种的生长和组胺产生。
噬菌体Phda1可能作为一种潜在的抗菌剂，抑制美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种引起的组胺中毒。
这是首次描述特异性感染美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种的噬菌体及其潜在应用。噬菌体疗法可能对预防组胺中毒有用。
