Arsic Aleksandra, Vucic Vesna, Glibetic Marija, Popovic Tamara, Debeljak-Martacic Jasmina, Cubrilo Dejan, Ahmetovic Zlatko, Peric Dusan, Borozan Suncica, Djuric Dragan, Barudzic Nevena, Jakovljevic Vladimir
Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2016 Jan-Feb;56(1-2):1-8. Epub 2015 Mar 27.
The aim of the present study was to analyze changes in redox balance throughout parameters of oxidative stress and activities of antioxidant enzymes in elite female water polo (N.=15) and football players (N.=19) aged between 20 and 23. Fourteen age-matched sedentary women were also included in the study.
Blood sampling was performed to measure levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide anion radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), nitrites, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase activity (CAT) and glutathione-peroxidase activity (GPx).
Levels of MDA, TAS, GSSG and H2O2 were significantly higher in athletes than in the control women. Football players had higher levels of O2- than the other two groups. Activity of SOD was higher in water polo players when compared with the football and control groups, CAT was increased in all athletes, while GPx did not differ among groups.
Therefore, prolonged intensive training markedly increases oxidative stress in women, which depends on the type of sport. Lower concentration of O2- and increased activity of SOD in water polo players compared to football players suggest that mechanisms of adaptation of antioxidative defense are related to the type of exercise.
本研究旨在分析20至23岁的精英女子水球运动员（n = 15）和足球运动员（n = 19）在氧化应激参数和抗氧化酶活性方面氧化还原平衡的变化。14名年龄匹配的久坐女性也被纳入研究。
采集血液样本以测量脂质过氧化（MDA）水平、总抗氧化状态（TAS）、超氧阴离子自由基（O2-）、过氧化氢（H2O2）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）、亚硝酸盐、超氧化物歧化酶活性（SOD）、过氧化氢酶活性（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性（GPx）。
运动员的MDA、TAS、GSSG和H2O2水平显著高于对照组女性。足球运动员的O2-水平高于其他两组。与足球运动员和对照组相比，水球运动员的SOD活性更高，所有运动员的CAT活性均升高，而GPx在各组之间没有差异。
因此，长期的强化训练显著增加了女性的氧化应激，这取决于运动类型。与足球运动员相比，水球运动员中较低的O2-浓度和较高的SOD活性表明抗氧化防御的适应机制与运动类型有关。
