Thoyre Suzanne, Park Jinhee, Pados Britt, Hubbard Carol
Associate Professor and Director, PhD and Postdoctoral Programs, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Research Associate, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
J Neonatal Nurs. 2013 Aug;19(4):139-148. doi: 10.1016/j.jnn.2013.01.002.
Assessment of early feeding skills of vulnerable infants is common practice in neonatal care centers. However, assessment is often merely an identification of feeding outcomes, rather than a description of the infant's capacities and methods of adapting to the feeding challenge. Descriptive assessment of the feeding process takes into account the dynamic nature of feeding and notes changes that occur as the infant matures and gains feeding experience. Assessment of the variability that occurs during the feeding as the challenge changes, due to fatigue or physiologic instability, are critical to understanding the infant's feeding skills. As individual components of the feeding are assessed, such as sucking, swallowing and breathing, a reflective process builds understanding of the patterns of coordination of system components in relation to one another. Taking the whole into account and considering the dynamics of the process is necessary if we are going to select appropriate interventions targeted to the individual infant's feeding skills. Using a very preterm infant case, this paper will illustrate assessment of early feeding skills and demonstrate how reflection on and integration of the components of the assessment identifies potential targets for co-regulated, cue-based feeding.
对脆弱婴儿早期喂养技能的评估在新生儿护理中心是常见的做法。然而，评估往往仅仅是对喂养结果的识别，而不是对婴儿适应喂养挑战的能力和方法的描述。对喂养过程的描述性评估考虑到了喂养的动态性质，并记录了随着婴儿成熟和获得喂养经验而发生的变化。评估由于疲劳或生理不稳定导致挑战变化时喂养过程中出现的变异性，对于理解婴儿的喂养技能至关重要。在评估喂养的各个组成部分，如吸吮、吞咽和呼吸时，一个反思过程有助于建立对系统组成部分相互之间协调模式的理解。如果我们要选择针对个体婴儿喂养技能的适当干预措施，就必须从整体上考虑并考虑过程的动态性。本文将通过一个极早产儿的案例，说明早期喂养技能的评估，并展示对评估组成部分的反思和整合如何确定基于线索的共同调节喂养的潜在目标。
