Bosco Antonio, Rinaldi Laura, Musella Vincenzo, Amadesi Alessandra, Cringoli Giuseppe
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples; and CREMOPAR Campania Region, Naples.
Geospat Health. 2015 Mar 19;9(2):319-24. doi: 10.4081/gh.2015.354.
The objective of the present study was to investigate whether climate change in recent years have influenced the onset of acute outbreaks of Fasciola hepatica in ovine farms in southern Italy. In May-June 2014, a severe outbreak of F. hepatica occurred in three sheep farms in the Campania region. Clinical, coprological and necroscopic examinations were performed. Morbidity and mortality due to F. hepatica were 3-67% and 3-50%, respectively. Coprological examinations showed high values of F. hepatica eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces (860-1,240). Similarly, high adult parasitic burdens were found in animals that had sucombed (124-426 flukes). The study area was georeferenced and climatic data (temperature, humidity, days of rain and total amount of rainfall) were recorded at four georeferenced meterological stations in the study area. Montly data were processed and analyzed for the period 2000-2013 to evaluate the change of the climatic parameters during these years. The results show that there was a significant increase (P<0.001) of temperature, increased rainfall and increase in the number of rainy days compared to previous years. In addition to the outbreak reported here, we discuss the potential effects of climate change on the epidemiology of F. hepatica and the implications for sheep farming in the Mediterranean area.
本研究的目的是调查近年来的气候变化是否影响了意大利南部绵羊养殖场肝片吸虫急性暴发的发生。2014年5月至6月，坎帕尼亚地区的三个养羊场发生了严重的肝片吸虫疫情。进行了临床、粪便学和尸检检查。肝片吸虫导致的发病率和死亡率分别为3% - 67%和3% - 50%。粪便学检查显示每克粪便中肝片吸虫卵（EPG）含量很高（860 - 1240）。同样，在死亡动物体内发现了大量的成虫寄生负荷（124 - 426条吸虫）。对研究区域进行了地理定位，并在研究区域内的四个地理定位气象站记录了气候数据（温度、湿度、降雨天数和总降雨量）。对2000 - 2013年期间的月度数据进行处理和分析，以评估这些年气候参数的变化。结果表明，与前几年相比，温度显著升高（P<0.001），降雨量增加，降雨天数增多。除了这里报道的疫情外，我们还讨论了气候变化对肝片吸虫流行病学的潜在影响以及对地中海地区养羊业的影响。
