Senapati Parijat, Sudarshan Deepthi, Gadad Shrikanth S, Shandilya Jayasha, Swaminathan Venkatesh, Kundu Tapas K
Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur PO, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India.
Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1288:375-94. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2474-5_22.
Histone chaperones are histone interacting proteins that are involved in various stages of histone metabolism in the cell such as histone storage, transport, nucleosome assembly and disassembly. Histone assembly and disassembly are essential processes in certain DNA-templated phenomena such as replication, repair and transcription in eukaryotes. Since the first histone chaperone Nucleoplasmin was discovered in Xenopus, a plethora of histone chaperones have been identified, characterized and their functional significance elucidated in the last 35 years or so. Some of the histone chaperone containing complexes such as FACT have been described to play a significant role in nucleosome disassembly during transcription elongation. We have reported earlier that human Nucleophosmin (NPM1), a histone chaperone belonging to the Nucleoplasmin family, is a co-activator of transcription. In this chapter, we describe several methods that are used to study the histone chaperone activity of proteins and their role in transcription.
组蛋白伴侣是与组蛋白相互作用的蛋白质，参与细胞内组蛋白代谢的各个阶段，如组蛋白的储存、运输、核小体组装和解聚。组蛋白的组装和解聚是真核生物中某些以DNA为模板的现象（如复制、修复和转录）中的关键过程。自非洲爪蟾中发现首个组蛋白伴侣核质蛋白以来，在过去约35年里，大量的组蛋白伴侣已被鉴定、表征并阐明其功能意义。一些含有组蛋白伴侣的复合物，如FACT，已被描述在转录延伸过程中的核小体解聚中发挥重要作用。我们之前报道过，人类核磷蛋白（NPM1）是属于核质蛋白家族的组蛋白伴侣，是一种转录共激活因子。在本章中，我们描述了几种用于研究蛋白质组蛋白伴侣活性及其在转录中作用的方法。
