Umesha Shankar Shetty, Naidu K Akhilender
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR), Mysore, 570020 India.
J Food Sci Technol. 2015 Apr;52(4):1993-2002. doi: 10.1007/s13197-013-1196-3. Epub 2013 Oct 22.
Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L) seed oil (GCO) is a rich source of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 33.6 %) and the oil has a fairly balanced SFA, MUFA and PUFA ratio. In this study we have investigated the effect of GCO and its blends with n-6 PUFA rich edible vegetable oils sunflower oil (SFO), rice bran oil (RBO) and sesame oil (SESO) on antioxidant status of oils and antioxidative enzymes in Wistar rats. Physical blending of GCO with n-6 PUFA rich vegetable oils (SFO, RBO and SESO) increased content of natural antioxidants such as tocopherols, oryzanol and lignans, decreased the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio and improved the radical scavenging activity of blended oils. Dietary feeding of GCO and its blended oils for 60 days, increased the tocopherols levels (12.2-21.6 %) and activity of antioxidant enzymes namely catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), but did not affect the activity of glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in liver compared to native oil fed rats. Thus, blending of GCO with other vegetable oil decreased n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio (>2.0) and dietary feeding of GCO blended oils increased the antioxidant status and activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and GPx) in experimental rats.
水田芥（独行菜属植物）种子油（GCO）富含α-亚麻酸（ALA，33.6%），且该油的饱和脂肪酸（SFA）、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）比例相当均衡。在本研究中，我们探究了GCO及其与富含n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的食用植物油（向日葵油（SFO）、米糠油（RBO）和芝麻油（SESO））的混合物对Wistar大鼠体内油脂抗氧化状态及抗氧化酶的影响。GCO与富含n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的植物油（SFO、RBO和SESO）进行物理混合后，生育酚、谷维素和木脂素等天然抗氧化剂的含量增加，n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例降低，混合油的自由基清除活性提高。给大鼠喂食GCO及其混合油60天后，与喂食天然油脂的大鼠相比，大鼠肝脏中的生育酚水平提高了（12.2 - 21.6%），抗氧化酶即过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的活性增强，但谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）的活性未受影响。因此，GCO与其他植物油混合降低了n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例（>2.0），给大鼠喂食GCO混合油提高了实验大鼠的抗氧化状态及抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶和GPx）的活性。
