Rapant S, Fajčíková K, Cvečková V, Ďurža A, Stehlíková B, Sedláková D, Ženišová Z
State Geological Institute of Dionyz Stur, Mlynská dolina 1, 817 04, Bratislava, Slovak Republic,
Environ Geochem Health. 2015 Aug;37(4):745-56. doi: 10.1007/s10653-015-9700-5. Epub 2015 Apr 4.
The study deals with the analysis of relationship between chemical composition of the groundwater/drinking water and the data on relative mortality for cardiovascular diseases (ReI) in the Slovak Republic. Primary data consist of the Slovak national database of groundwater analyses (20,339 chemical analyses, 34 chemical elements/compounds) and data on ReI collected for the 10-year period (1994-2003). The chemical and health data were unified in the same form and expressed as the mean values for each of 2883 municipalities within the Slovak Republic for further analysis. Artificial neural network was used as mathematic method for model data analysis. The most significant chemical elements having influence on ReI were identified together with their limit values (maximal acceptable, minimal necessary and optimal). Based on the results of calculations, made through the neural networks, the following ten chemical elements/parameters in the groundwater were defined as the most significant for ReI: Ca + Mg (mmol l(-1)), Ca, Mg, TDS, Cl, HCO3, SO4, NO3, SiO2 and PO4. The obtained results document the highest relationship between ReI and the groundwater contents of Ca + Mg (mmol l(-1)), Ca and Mg. Following limit values were set for the most significant groundwater chemicals/parameters: Ca + Mg 4.4-7.6 mmol l(-1), Ca > 89.4 mg l(-1) and Mg 42-78.1 mg l(-1). At these concentration ranges, the relative mortality for cardiovascular diseases in the Slovak Republic reaches the lowest levels. These limit values are about twice higher in comparison with the current Slovak valid guideline values for the drinking water.
该研究旨在分析斯洛伐克共和国地下水/饮用水的化学成分与心血管疾病相对死亡率（ReI）数据之间的关系。原始数据包括斯洛伐克国家地下水分析数据库（20339次化学分析，34种化学元素/化合物）以及10年期间（1994 - 2003年）收集的ReI数据。化学和健康数据以相同形式统一，并表示为斯洛伐克共和国内2883个市镇各自的平均值，以供进一步分析。人工神经网络被用作模型数据分析的数学方法。确定了对ReI有影响的最显著化学元素及其限值（最大可接受值、最小必要值和最佳值）。基于通过神经网络进行的计算结果，确定了地下水中以下十种化学元素/参数对ReI最为显著：Ca + Mg（mmol l⁻¹）、Ca、Mg、总溶解固体（TDS）、Cl、HCO₃、SO₄、NO₃、SiO₂和PO₄。所得结果表明ReI与Ca + Mg（mmol l⁻¹）、Ca和Mg的地下水含量之间存在最高相关性。为最显著的地下水化学物质/参数设定了以下限值：Ca + Mg 4.4 - 7.6 mmol l⁻¹、Ca > 89.4 mg l⁻¹和Mg 42 - 78.1 mg l⁻¹。在这些浓度范围内，斯洛伐克共和国心血管疾病的相对死亡率达到最低水平。与斯洛伐克现行有效的饮用水指导值相比，这些限值大约高出两倍。
