Zerbin Ina, Lehner Stefanie, Distl Ottmar
Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17p, Hannover 30559, Germany.
Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17p, Hannover 30559, Germany.
Vet J. 2015 Apr;204(1):17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.02.013. Epub 2015 Feb 17.
Displacement of the abomasum (DA) is a common inherited condition in Holstein cows. This article reviews the genetics of DA including risk factors, genetic parameters and molecular genetic results. Breeds other than Holsteins affected by DA include Guernseys, Jerseys, Brown Swiss, Ayrshires and Simmental-Red Holsteins. In most DA cases, left displacements of the abomasum (LDA) are seen. Lactation incidence rates are higher for DA in first lactation Holsteins compared to later lactations. For Holstein cows, heritability estimates for DA are between 0.03 and 0.53. Genetic correlation estimates among DA and milk production traits range from positive to negative. Genome-wide significant genomic regions associated with LDA are located on bovine chromosomes (BTA) 1, 3, 11, 20 and 23. Motilin-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms on BTA23 exhibit a functional relationship with LDA. Pathways for deposition of calcium, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and synaptic transmission are significantly related to LDA in Holsteins. Deciphering the DA-associated genomic regions and genes may be an important step in the quest to understand the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and in unravelling mutations with a causal relationship to DA.
皱胃移位（DA）是荷斯坦奶牛常见的遗传性疾病。本文综述了DA的遗传学，包括风险因素、遗传参数和分子遗传学结果。受DA影响的非荷斯坦品种包括根西牛、泽西牛、瑞士褐牛、艾尔夏牛和西门塔尔红荷斯坦牛。在大多数DA病例中，可见皱胃左移位（LDA）。与后续泌乳期相比，初产荷斯坦奶牛的DA泌乳发病率更高。对于荷斯坦奶牛，DA的遗传力估计值在0.03至0.53之间。DA与产奶性状之间的遗传相关性估计值范围从正到负。与LDA相关的全基因组显著基因组区域位于牛染色体（BTA）1、3、11、20和23上。BTA23上与胃动素相关的单核苷酸多态性与LDA存在功能关系。钙沉积、胰岛素依赖型糖尿病和突触传递途径与荷斯坦奶牛的LDA显著相关。解读与DA相关的基因组区域和基因可能是了解潜在致病机制以及揭示与DA存在因果关系的突变的重要一步。
