Hamedi Azadeh, Ghanbari Amir, Razavipour Razieh, Saeidi Vahid, Zarshenas Mohammad M, Sohrabpour Maryam, Azari Hassan
Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
J Nat Med. 2015 Jul;69(3):387-96. doi: 10.1007/s11418-015-0905-9. Epub 2015 Apr 10.
Pharmacognostic evaluation of medicinal plants may assess their current applications and possibly results in finding new active components. In this study, ash and extractive values and high performance thin layer chromatography fingerprints of Alyssum homolocarpum (Brassicaceae) seed extracts were investigated to elucidate its composition. Differential scanning calorimetry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis were employed to determine the components of A. homolocarpum seed oil (AHO). Neurosphere assay, in vitro differentiation and immunofluorescence analysis were performed to evaluate the effects of oral administration of AHO (0.5 or 1 g/kg/day for 14 days) on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in adult male BALB/c mice. Total, acid-insoluble and water-soluble ash values were determined as 45.83 ± 5.85, 6.67 ± 2.89 and 28.33 ± 2.89 mg/g, respectively. The extractive values were 4.90, 0.43 and 0.56 % (w/w) for n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethanolic extracts, respectively. Interestingly, AHO was mainly composed of α-linolenic acid (89.71 %), β-sitosterol (3.3 mg/g) and campesterol (0.86 mg/g). Administration of AHO at 1 g/kg/day significantly increased proliferation of NSCs, as evidenced by an increase in mean neurosphere-forming frequency per brain (872.7 ± 15.17) and neurosphere diameter (101 ± 2.48 µm) compared to the control group (424.3 ± 59.29 and 78.63 ± 1.7 µm, respectively; P < 0.05). AHO treatment did not affect in vitro differentiation of the harvested NSCs. Our data show that A. homolocarpum seed oil is a rich source of α-linolenic acid and β-sitosterol with potential therapeutic application to enhance NSC proliferation and recruitment in neurological diseases.
药用植物的生药学评价可以评估其当前的应用情况，并有可能发现新的活性成分。在本研究中，对同果庭荠（十字花科）种子提取物的灰分、浸出物值和高效薄层色谱指纹图谱进行了研究，以阐明其成分。采用差示扫描量热法和气相色谱 - 质谱分析法测定了同果庭荠种子油（AHO）的成分。进行了神经球测定、体外分化和免疫荧光分析，以评估口服AHO（0.5或1 g/kg/天，共14天）对成年雄性BALB/c小鼠神经干细胞（NSCs）增殖和分化的影响。总灰分、酸不溶性灰分和水溶性灰分值分别测定为45.83±5.85、6.67±2.89和28.33±2.89 mg/g。正己烷、二氯甲烷和乙醇提取物的浸出物值分别为4.90%、0.43%和0.56%（w/w）。有趣的是，AHO主要由α-亚麻酸（89.71%）、β-谷甾醇（3.3 mg/g）和菜油甾醇（0.86 mg/g）组成。与对照组相比，每天1 g/kg的AHO给药显著增加了神经干细胞的增殖，表现为每脑平均神经球形成频率增加（872.7±15.17）和神经球直径增加（101±2.48 µm）（对照组分别为424.3±59.29和78.63±1.7 µm；P<0.05）。AHO处理不影响收获的神经干细胞的体外分化。我们的数据表明，同果庭荠种子油富含α-亚麻酸和β-谷甾醇，在神经疾病中具有增强神经干细胞增殖和募集的潜在治疗应用价值。
