7岁和14岁中国儿童眼部生物测量的分布情况。

Distribution of ocular biometry in 7- and 14-year-old Chinese children.

作者信息

Li Shi-Ming, Li Si-Yuan, Kang Meng-Tian, Zhou Yue-Hua, Li He, Liu Luo-Ru, Yang Xiao-Yuan, Wang Yi-Peng, Yang Zhou, Zhan Si-Yan, Gopinath Bamini, Mitchell Paul, Atchison David A, Wang Ningli

机构信息

*MD, PhD †MD ‡PhD §DSc, FAAO Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (S-ML, Y-HZ, S-YL, M-TK, ZY, NW); Anyang Eye Hospital, Henan Province, China (HL, L-RL, Y-PW); Zhengzhou Second Hospital, Henan Province, China (X-YY); Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (S-YZ); Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (BG, PM); and School of Optometry and Vision Science and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia (DAA).

出版信息

Optom Vis Sci. 2015 May;92(5):566-72. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000000570.

DOI:10.1097/OPX.0000000000000570

PMID:25875684

Abstract

PURPOSE

To describe distributions of ocular biometry and their associations with refraction in 7- and 14-year-old children in urban areas of Anyang, central China.

METHODS

A total of 2271 grade 1 students aged 7.1 ± 0.4 years and 1786 grade 8 students aged 13.7 ± 0.5 years were measured with ocular biometry and cycloplegic refraction. A parental myopia questionnaire was administered to parents.

RESULTS

Mean axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, central corneal thickness, corneal diameter, corneal radius of curvature, axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio, and spherical equivalent refraction were 22.72 ± 0.76 mm, 2.89 ± 0.24 mm, 3.61 ± 0.19 mm, 540.5 ± 31 μm, 12.06 ± 0.44 mm, 7.80 ± 0.25 mm, 2.91 ± 0.08, and +0.95 ± 1.05 diopters (D), respectively, in 7-year-old children. They were 24.39 ± 1.13 mm, 3.42 ± 0.41 mm, 3.18 ± 0.24 mm, 548.9 ± 33 μm, 12.03 ± 0.43 mm, 7.80 ± 0.26 mm, 3.13 ± 0.14, and -2.06 ± 2.20 D, respectively, in 14-year-old children. Compared with 7-year-old children, the older group had significantly more myopia (-3.0 D), longer axial length (1.7 mm), deeper anterior chamber depth (0.3 mm), thinner lens thickness (-0.2 mm), thicker central corneal thickness (10 μm), and greater axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio (0.22) (all p < 0.001), as well as smaller corneal diameter (-0.03 mm, p = 0.02) and similar corneal radius of curvature. Sex differences were similar in both age groups, with boys having longer axial length (0.5 mm), deeper anterior chamber depth (0.1 mm), shorter lens thickness (0.03 mm), greater central corneal thickness (5 μm), greater corneal diameter (0.15 mm), and greater corneal radius of curvature (0.14 mm) than girls (all p < 0.01). The most important variables related to spherical equivalent refraction were vitreous length, corneal radius of curvature, and lens thickness.

CONCLUSIONS

The 14-year-old group had larger parameter dimensions than the 7-year-old group except for corneal radius of curvature (unchanged) and lens thickness and corneal diameter (both smaller). Boys had large parameter dimensions than girls except for lens thickness (smaller). Axial length, corneal radius of curvature, and lens thickness were the most important determinants of refraction.

摘要

目的

描述中国中部安阳市市区7岁和14岁儿童的眼生物测量参数分布及其与屈光的关系。

方法

对2271名7.1±0.4岁的一年级学生和1786名13.7±0.5岁的八年级学生进行了眼生物测量和散瞳验光。同时向家长发放了一份关于父母近视情况的问卷。

结果

7岁儿童的平均眼轴长度、前房深度、晶状体厚度、中央角膜厚度、角膜直径、角膜曲率半径、眼轴长度/角膜曲率半径比和等效球镜度分别为22.72±0.76mm、2.89±0.24mm、3.61±0.19mm、540.5±31μm、12.06±0.44mm、7.80±0.25mm、2.91±0.08和+0.95±1.05屈光度（D）。14岁儿童的上述参数分别为24.39±1.13mm、3.42±0.41mm、3.18±0.24mm、548.9±33μm、12.03±0.43mm、7.80±0.26mm、3.13±0.14和-2.06±2.20D。与7岁儿童相比，14岁儿童近视发生率显著更高（-3.0D），眼轴更长（1.7mm），前房更深（0.3mm），晶状体更薄（-0.2mm），中央角膜更厚（10μm），眼轴长度/角膜曲率半径比更大（0.22）（均p<0.001），角膜直径更小（-0.03mm，p=0.02），角膜曲率半径相似。两个年龄组的性别差异相似，男孩的眼轴更长（0.5mm），前房更深（0.1mm），晶状体更薄（0.03mm），中央角膜更厚（5μm），角膜直径更大（0.15mm），角膜曲率半径更大（0.14mm），均优于女孩（均p<0.01）。与等效球镜度最相关的变量是玻璃体长度、角膜曲率半径和晶状体厚度。