Adeniyi Oladele Vincent, Longo-Mbenza Benjamin, Ter Goon Daniel
Department of Family Medicine, Senior Specialist, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Cecilia Makiwane Hospital, East London Hospital Complex, Private Bag X 9047, Mdantsane, East London, South Africa, 5200.
Department of Community Medicine, Research Champion Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha, South Africa, 5117.
BMC Public Health. 2015 Mar 27;15:298. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1622-8.
Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have recently been experiencing increases in the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other non-communicable diseases in both urban and rural areas. Despite their growing influence on population health in the region, there is a paucity of epidemiological studies on the twin epidemic of obesity and T2DM, particularly in the rural communities in South Africa. We investigated the prevalence and the determinants of overall obesity among patients with T2DM in rural and semi-urban areas surrounding the town of Mthatha, South Africa.
This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with T2DM attending the outpatient department at Mthatha General Hospital, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Data were obtained from 327 participants using standardized questionnaires that included items on sex, age, level of education, type of residence, employment status, smoking status, physical activity, diet and alcohol intake. After taking measurements of height and weight, participants were defined as obese if their body mass index exceeded 30 kg/m(2). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the determinants of obesity in our sample population.
We found that 60.2% of our sample population were defined as obese. In our univariate analyses, female sex (p < 0.001), age ≥50 years (p = 0.023), rural residence (p < 0.001), excessive alcohol intake (p = 0.002), current cigarette smoking (p < 0.001), level of education (p < 0.001), regular consumption of soft drinks (p < 0.001) and unemployment (p = 0.043) were found to be positively and significantly associated with obesity. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, female sex (p < 0.001), unemployment (p = 0.012) and level of education (p < 0.001) were found to be independent determinants of obesity.
We found that female sex, educational attainment, unemployment and current cigarette smoking were positively associated with obesity among the study participants. Lifestyle changes, poverty reduction and public education are urgently needed to address the growing obesity epidemic in rural areas of South Africa.
撒哈拉以南非洲国家近期城乡地区肥胖、2型糖尿病（T2DM）及其他非传染性疾病的患病率均呈上升趋势。尽管这些疾病对该地区人群健康的影响日益增大，但关于肥胖与T2DM双重流行的流行病学研究却很匮乏，尤其是在南非农村社区。我们调查了南非姆塔塔镇周边农村和半城市地区T2DM患者的总体肥胖患病率及其决定因素。
这项基于医院的横断面研究在南非东开普省姆塔塔综合医院门诊部的T2DM患者中开展。通过标准化问卷从327名参与者那里获取数据，问卷内容包括性别、年龄、教育程度、居住类型、就业状况、吸烟状况、身体活动、饮食及酒精摄入量。测量身高和体重后，体重指数超过30kg/m²的参与者被定义为肥胖。进行单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析以确定样本人群中肥胖的决定因素。
我们发现样本人群中有60.2%被定义为肥胖。在单因素分析中，女性（p＜0.001）、年龄≥50岁（p = 0.
