Oluyombo Rotimi, Olamoyegun Michael A, Olaifa Oluwasegun, Iwuala Sandra O, Babatunde Oluwole A
Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria.
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Unit, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2015 Jun;5(2):167-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jegh.2014.07.002. Epub 2014 Sep 2.
Over 80% of cardiovascular deaths take place in low- and middle-income countries; most of these deaths are due to modifiable risk factors. The study aimed at estimating the prevalence and pattern of major cardiovascular risk factors in both men and women older than 18 years.
This is a cross-sectional study of cardiovascular risk factors among semi-urban dwellers in Ekiti State, south-western, Nigeria. 750 participants were drawn from 10 communities. The instrument used was the standard WHO STEPS (II) questionnaire, while blood samples were obtained for analysis.
There were 750 participants with 529 (70.53%) females. The mean age of participants was 61.7±18.50 years and participants' ⩾65 years comprised 38.3%. There were 0.8%, 24.9% and 12.4%, who at the time of this study smoked cigarettes, consumed alcohol, and ate a high salt diet, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, generalized and abdominal obesity was 47.2%, 6.8%, 8.5% and 32.0%, respectively, with only 48.9% receiving hypertension treatment. Elevated total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and low HDL was seen in 4.4%, 16.7% and 56.3% respectively.
High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors call for an urgent need for more public health attention and reinforcement of primary preventive strategies to curb its menace.
超过80%的心血管疾病死亡发生在低收入和中等收入国家；这些死亡大多归因于可改变的风险因素。该研究旨在估计18岁以上男性和女性主要心血管风险因素的患病率及模式。
这是一项针对尼日利亚西南部埃基提州半城市居民心血管风险因素的横断面研究。从10个社区抽取了750名参与者。使用的工具是标准的世界卫生组织逐步调查（II）问卷，同时采集血样进行分析。
共有750名参与者，其中女性529名（70.53%）。参与者的平均年龄为61.7±18.50岁，65岁及以上的参与者占38.3%。在本研究时，分别有0.8%、24.9%和12.4%的人吸烟、饮酒和高盐饮食。高血压、糖尿病、全身性肥胖和腹型肥胖的患病率分别为47.2%、6.8%、8.5%和32.0%，只有48.9%的高血压患者接受了治疗。总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高以及高密度脂蛋白降低的情况分别见于4.4%、16.7%和56.3%的参与者。
心血管风险因素的高患病率迫切需要更多的公共卫生关注，并加强一级预防策略以遏制其威胁。
