Domhardt Michael, Tiefengrabner Martin, Dinic Radomir, Fötschl Ulrike, Oostingh Gertie J, Stütz Thomas, Stechemesser Lars, Weitgasser Raimund, Ginzinger Simon W
Department of MultiMediaTechnology, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Puch, Austria.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Puch, Austria.
J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2015 May;9(3):516-24. doi: 10.1177/1932296815578880. Epub 2015 Apr 16.
Imprecise carbohydrate counting as a measure to guide the treatment of diabetes may be a source of errors resulting in problems in glycemic control. Exact measurements can be tedious, leading most patients to estimate their carbohydrate intake. In the presented pilot study a smartphone application (BE(AR)), that guides the estimation of the amounts of carbohydrates, was used by a group of diabetic patients.
Eight adult patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 were recruited for the study. At the beginning of the study patients were introduced to BE(AR) in sessions lasting 45 minutes per patient. Patients redraw the real food in 3D on the smartphone screen. Based on a selected food type and the 3D form created using BE(AR) an estimation of carbohydrate content is calculated. Patients were supplied with the application on their personal smartphone or a loaner device and were instructed to use the application in real-world context during the study period. For evaluation purpose a test measuring carbohydrate estimation quality was designed and performed at the beginning and the end of the study.
In 44% of the estimations performed at the end of the study the error reduced by at least 6 grams of carbohydrate. This improvement occurred albeit several problems with the usage of BE(AR) were reported.
Despite user interaction problems in this group of patients the provided intervention resulted in a reduction in the absolute error of carbohydrate estimation. Intervention with smartphone applications to assist carbohydrate counting apparently results in more accurate estimations.
作为指导糖尿病治疗的一种方法，不精确的碳水化合物计数可能是导致血糖控制出现问题的误差来源。精确测量可能很繁琐，这使得大多数患者会估算自己的碳水化合物摄入量。在本项初步研究中，一组糖尿病患者使用了一款指导碳水化合物量估算的智能手机应用程序（BE(AR)）。
招募了8名成年1型糖尿病患者参与该研究。在研究开始时，每位患者通过每次时长45分钟的课程了解BE(AR)。患者在智能手机屏幕上以3D形式重新绘制真实食物。根据所选食物类型以及使用BE(AR)创建的3D形状来计算碳水化合物含量的估算值。为患者提供了安装在其个人智能手机或借用设备上的该应用程序，并指导他们在研究期间在实际生活中使用该应用程序。为了进行评估，设计并在研究开始和结束时进行了一项测量碳水化合物估算质量的测试。
在研究结束时进行的估算中，44%的估算误差至少减少了6克碳水化合物。尽管报告了一些使用BE(AR)的问题，但仍出现了这种改善情况。
尽管该组患者存在用户交互问题，但所提供的干预措施使碳水化合物估算的绝对误差有所降低。使用智能手机应用程序辅助碳水化合物计数的干预措施显然能带来更准确的估算结果。
