Cai Qinhong, Zhang Baiyu, Chen Bing, Song Xing, Zhu Zhiwen, Cao Tong
The Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada.
Environ Monit Assess. 2015 May;187(5):284. doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-4490-x. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
From offshore oil and gas platforms in North Atlantic Canada, crude oil, formation water, drilling mud, treated produced water and seawater samples were collected for screening potential biosurfactant producers. In total, 59 biosurfactant producers belong to 4 genera, namely, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, Halomonas, and Pseudomonas were identified and characterized. Phytogenetic trees based on 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (16S rDNA) were constructed with isolated strains plus their closely related strains and isolated strains with biosurfactant producers in the literature, respectively. The distributions of the isolates were site and medium specific. The richness, diversity, and evenness of biosurfactant producer communities in oil and gas platform samples have been analyzed. Diverse isolates were found with featured properties such as effective reduction of surface tension, producing biosurfactants at high rate and stabilization of water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsion. The producers and their corresponding biosurfactants had promising potential in applications such as offshore oil spill control, enhancing oil recovery and soil washing treatment of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated sites.
从加拿大北大西洋的近海石油和天然气平台采集了原油、地层水、钻井泥浆、处理后的采出水和海水样本，用于筛选潜在的生物表面活性剂产生菌。总共鉴定并表征了59株属于芽孢杆菌属、红球菌属、嗜盐单胞菌属和假单胞菌属4个属的生物表面活性剂产生菌。分别基于16S核糖体脱氧核糖核酸（16S rDNA）构建了包含分离菌株及其密切相关菌株的系统发育树，以及分离菌株与文献中生物表面活性剂产生菌的系统发育树。分离菌株的分布具有位点和培养基特异性。分析了油气平台样本中生物表面活性剂产生菌群落的丰富度、多样性和均匀度。发现了具有多种特性的不同分离菌株，如有效降低表面张力、高速率产生生物表面活性剂以及稳定油包水或水包油乳液。这些产生菌及其相应的生物表面活性剂在近海溢油控制、提高石油采收率以及石油烃污染场地的土壤冲洗处理等应用中具有广阔的潜力。
