环境细颗粒物（PM2.5）与住院风险：男性和女性的风险是否存在差异？
Ambient PM2.5 and Risk of Hospital Admissions: Do Risks Differ for Men and Women?
作者信息
Bell Michelle L, Son Ji-Young, Peng Roger D, Wang Yun, Dominici Francesca
机构信息
From the aSchool of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT; bDepartment of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; and cDepartment of Biostatistics, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
出版信息
Epidemiology. 2015 Jul;26(4):575-9. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000310.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
While strong evidence exists for associations between fine particles (PM2.5) and health, less is known about whether associations differ by sex.
METHODS
We used Bayesian hierarchical modeling to estimate associations between PM2.5, based on ambient monitors, and risk of cause-specific cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalizations for about 12.6 million Medicare beneficiaries (>65 years) residing in 213 US counties for 1999-2010.
RESULTS
Point estimates were higher for women than men for almost all causes of hospitalization. PM2.5 risks were higher for women than men for respiratory tract infection, cardiovascular, and heart rhythm disturbance admissions. A 10 μg/m(3) increase in same-day PM2.5 was associated with a 1.13% increased risk of heart rhythm disturbance admissions for women (95% posterior interval [PI]: 0.63%, 1.63%), and 0.03% for men (95% PI: -0.48%, 0.55%). Differences remained after stratification by age and season.
CONCLUSIONS
Women may be more susceptible to PM2.5-related hospitalizations for some respiratory and cardiovascular causes.
摘要
背景
虽然有强有力的证据表明细颗粒物（PM2.5）与健康之间存在关联，但对于这种关联是否因性别而异，人们了解较少。
方法
我们使用贝叶斯分层模型，基于环境监测器来估计1999 - 2010年期间居住在美国213个县的约1260万医疗保险受益人（年龄>65岁）中，PM2.5与特定病因的心血管和呼吸系统住院风险之间的关联。
结果
几乎所有住院病因的点估计值女性都高于男性。女性因呼吸道感染、心血管疾病和心律失常入院的PM2.5风险高于男性。当日PM2.5每增加10μg/m³，女性心律失常入院风险增加1.13%（95%后验区间[PI]：0.63%，1.63%），男性增加0.03%（95% PI：-0.48%，0.55%）。按年龄和季节分层后差异仍然存在。
结论
对于某些呼吸道和心血管病因，女性可能更容易因PM2.5相关因素而住院。
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