Naska Androniki, Katsoulis Michail, Orfanos Philippos, Lachat Carl, Gedrich Kurt, Rodrigues Sara S P, Freisling Heinz, Kolsteren Patrick, Engeset Dagrun, Lopes Carla, Elmadfa Ibrahim, Wendt Andrea, Knüppel Sven, Turrini Aida, Tumino Rosario, Ocké Marga C, Sekula Wlodzimierz, Nilsson Lena Maria, Key Tim, Trichopoulou Antonia
WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, University of Athens,75 Mikras Asias Street,Goudi, Athens11527,Greece.
Hellenic Health Foundation,Kaisareias 13 and Alexandroupoleos,Athens11527,Greece.
Br J Nutr. 2015 Jun 28;113(12):1951-64. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515000963. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
Eating out has been linked to the current obesity epidemic, but the evaluation of the extent to which out of home (OH) dietary intakes are different from those at home (AH) is limited. Data collected among 8849 men and 14,277 women aged 35-64 years from the general population of eleven European countries through 24-h dietary recalls or food diaries were analysed to: (1) compare food consumption OH to those AH; (2) describe the characteristics of substantial OH eaters, defined as those who consumed 25 % or more of their total daily energy intake at OH locations. Logistic regression models were fit to identify personal characteristics associated with eating out. In both sexes, beverages, sugar, desserts, sweet and savoury bakery products were consumed more OH than AH. In some countries, men reported higher intakes of fish OH than AH. Overall, substantial OH eating was more common among men, the younger and the more educated participants, but was weakly associated with total energy intake. The substantial OH eaters reported similar dietary intakes OH and AH. Individuals who were not identified as substantial OH eaters reported consuming proportionally higher quantities of sweet and savoury bakery products, soft drinks, juices and other non-alcoholic beverages OH than AH. The OH intakes were different from the AH ones, only among individuals who reported a relatively small contribution of OH eating to their daily intakes and this may partly explain the inconsistent findings relating eating out to the current obesity epidemic.
外出就餐与当前的肥胖流行有关，但对于外出（OH）饮食摄入量与在家（AH）饮食摄入量的差异程度评估有限。通过24小时饮食回顾或食物日记，对来自11个欧洲国家普通人群的8849名男性和14277名年龄在35 - 64岁的女性收集的数据进行分析，以：（1）比较外出饮食与在家饮食的食物消费情况；（2）描述大量外出就餐者的特征，大量外出就餐者定义为在外出场所摄入其每日总能量摄入量25%或更多的人。采用逻辑回归模型来确定与外出就餐相关的个人特征。在男女两性中，外出时饮料、糖、甜点、甜味和咸味烘焙食品的摄入量均高于在家时。在一些国家，男性报告外出时鱼类摄入量高于在家时。总体而言，大量外出就餐在男性、年轻参与者和受教育程度较高者中更为常见，但与总能量摄入量的关联较弱。大量外出就餐者报告其外出和在家时的饮食摄入量相似。未被认定为大量外出就餐者的个体报告，与在家时相比，外出时甜味和咸味烘焙食品、软饮料、果汁及其他非酒精饮料的摄入量相对较高。只有在那些报告外出就餐对其每日摄入量贡献相对较小的个体中，外出饮食摄入量才与在家饮食摄入量不同，这可能部分解释了将外出就餐与当前肥胖流行相关联的研究结果不一致的原因。
