Pahwa Shivani, Sharma Sanjay, Das Chandan J, Dhamija Ekta, Agrawal Saurabh
Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Radiodiagnosis, RP Centre of Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2015 Sep-Oct;44(5):437-48. doi: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2015.03.003. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
Presence of a cyst or a cystic component in an intraorbital mass often narrows the list of differential diagnoses to specific entities. Such a lesion in the orbit may arise from structures within the orbit, globe, and lacrimal system or from neighboring paranasal sinuses or meninges. Common congenital and developmental lesions encountered within the orbit include dermoids and epidermoids, and infrequently coloboma. Parasitic cysts (cysticercus), orbital abscess, mucocele, and vascular lesions are the most common acquired pathologies giving rise to fluid-containing lesions within the orbit. The role of a radiologist is crucial in expediting the diagnosis of orbital lesions with the help of characteristic imaging features on ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. It also helps in identifying complications in others where formulation of an early and effective management strategy is vital for preserving vision.
眶内肿块中存在囊肿或囊性成分通常会将鉴别诊断范围缩小到特定的疾病。眼眶内的这种病变可能起源于眼眶、眼球和泪腺系统内的结构，也可能来自邻近的鼻窦或脑膜。眼眶内常见的先天性和发育性病变包括皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿，睑裂斑少见。寄生虫囊肿（囊尾蚴）、眼眶脓肿、黏液囊肿和血管病变是眼眶内最常见的后天性病变，可导致含液性病变。放射科医生的作用至关重要，借助超声、计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像的特征性影像学表现，可加快眼眶病变的诊断。这也有助于识别其他并发症，对于制定早期有效的管理策略以保护视力至关重要。
