外源性过敏性肺泡炎（超敏性肺炎）的诊断要点

Spotlight on the diagnosis of extrinsic allergic alveolitis (hypersensitivity pneumonitis).

作者信息

Baur Xaver, Fischer Axel, Budnik Lygia T

机构信息

Institute for Occupational Medicine, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany ; European Society for Environmental and Occupational Medicine, EOM, Berlin, Germany.

Division Occupational Toxicology and Immunology, Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf. University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany ; European Society for Environmental and Occupational Medicine, EOM, Berlin, Germany.

出版信息

J Occup Med Toxicol. 2015 Apr 20;10:15. doi: 10.1186/s12995-015-0057-6. eCollection 2015.

DOI:10.1186/s12995-015-0057-6

PMID:25914724

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4408564/

Abstract

Repeated inhalative exposures to antigenic material from a variety of sources, mainly from moulds, thermophilic Actinomycetes, and avians, respectively, can induce immune responses with the clinical picture of extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) or hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Delays of years or even decades till the diagnosis is made are not uncommon; frequent misdiagnoses include allergic asthma, COPD, recurrent flue and other infections. We provide here the state of the art references, a detailed case description and recommend a current diagnostics schema.

摘要

反复吸入来自多种来源的抗原物质，主要分别来自霉菌、嗜热放线菌和禽类，可引发具有外源性过敏性肺泡炎（EAA）或超敏性肺炎临床表现的免疫反应。从接触到确诊延迟数年甚至数十年的情况并不少见；常见的误诊包括过敏性哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、反复流感及其他感染。我们在此提供最新的参考文献、详细的病例描述，并推荐当前的诊断方案。