Centre for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales Australia ; School of Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland Australia.
Centre for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales Australia.
J Eat Disord. 2015 Apr 25;3:19. doi: 10.1186/s40337-015-0056-0. eCollection 2015.
New DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for eating disorders were published in 2013. Adolescent cohort studies in the Australian community indicate that the point prevalence of DSM-5 eating disorders may be as high as 15% in females and 3% in males. The goal of the current study was to determine the 3-month prevalence of DSM-5 disorders in a representative sample of Australian older adolescents and adults. A secondary aim was to explore the demographic correlates of these disorders, specifically, age, gender, income, and educational attainment and presence of obesity.
We conducted and merged sequential cross-sectional population survey data of adults (aged over 15 years) collected in 2008 and in 2009 (n = 6041). Demographic information and the occurrence of regular (at least weekly over the past 3 months) objective and subjective binge eating, extreme dietary restriction, purging behaviors, and overvaluation of weight and/or shape, were assessed.
The 3-month prevalence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa were both under 1% whereas the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) and sub-threshold BED were 5.6-6.9%. The prevalence of BED including overvaluation of weight/shape was 3%. Other specified and unspecified eating disorders including purging disorder were less common, under 1% to 1.4%. While people with eating disorders were generally younger than others, the mean age was in the fourth decade for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa and in the fourth or fifth decade for all other disorders. Most people with eating disorders had similar household incomes and educational attainments to the general population. People with bulimia nervosa, BED and sub-threshold bulimia nervosa were more likely to be obese than people without an eating disorder.
The findings support the expanded demographic distribution of eating disorders. There is a relatively high prevalence of BED compared to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. As it is in BED, obesity is a very common co-morbidity in bulimia nervosa.
新的 DSM-5 饮食障碍诊断标准于 2013 年公布。澳大利亚社区的青少年队列研究表明，DSM-5 饮食障碍的时点患病率在女性中可能高达 15%，在男性中为 3%。本研究的目的是确定在澳大利亚代表性的青少年和成年人样本中，DSM-5 障碍的 3 个月患病率。次要目的是探讨这些障碍的人口统计学相关性，特别是年龄、性别、收入和教育程度以及肥胖的存在。
我们合并了 2008 年和 2009 年收集的成年人（年龄在 15 岁以上）的连续横断面人群调查数据（n=6041）。评估了人口统计学信息和定期（过去 3 个月每周至少一次）客观和主观暴食、极端节食、清除行为以及对体重和/或体型的过度重视的发生情况。
神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症的 3 个月患病率均低于 1%，而暴食障碍（BED）和阈下 BED 的患病率为 5.6-6.9%。包括对体重/体型的过度重视在内的 BED 的患病率为 3%。其他特定和未特定的饮食障碍，包括清除障碍，患病率较低，为 1%至 1.4%。虽然饮食障碍患者通常比其他人年轻，但神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症的平均年龄在第四个十年，而所有其他障碍的平均年龄在第四或第五个十年。大多数饮食障碍患者的家庭收入和教育程度与一般人群相似。患有神经性贪食症、BED 和阈下神经性贪食症的人比没有饮食障碍的人更有可能肥胖。
这些发现支持了饮食障碍的扩展人口统计学分布。与神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症相比，BED 的患病率相对较高。与 BED 一样，肥胖症也是神经性贪食症的常见共病。
