Silva Paulo Es, Costa Patrícia S, Ávila Marcelo P, Suhadolnik Maria Luíza S, Reis Mariana P, Salgado Ana Paula C, Lima Mário Fr, Chartone-Souza Edmar, Nascimento Andréa Ma
Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901 Minas Gerais Brazil.
Laboratório Hermes Pardini, Rua Aimorés, 66 Belo Horizonte, CEP: 30140-070 Minas Gerais Brazil.
Springerplus. 2015 Apr 18;4:187. doi: 10.1186/s40064-015-0955-1. eCollection 2015.
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that remains a major challenge to public health in endemic countries. Increasing evidence has highlighted the importance of microbiota for human general health and, as such, the study of skin microbiota is of interest. But while studies are continuously revealing the complexity of human skin microbiota, the microbiota of leprous cutaneous lesions has not yet been characterized. Here we used Sanger and massively parallel small sub-unit rRNA (SSU) rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the microbiota of leprous lesions, and studied how it differs from the bacterial skin composition of healthy individuals previously described in the literature. Taxonomic analysis of leprous lesions revealed main four phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, with Proteobacteria presenting the highest diversity. There were considerable differences in the distribution of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, with the first two phyla enriched and the other markedly diminished in the leprous lesions, when compared with healthy skin. Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus, resident and abundant in healthy skin, were underrepresented in skin from leprous lesions. Most of the taxa found in skin from leprous lesions are not typical in human skin and potentially pathogenic, with the Burkholderia, Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera being overrepresented. Our data suggest significant shifts of the microbiota with emergence and competitive advantage of potentially pathogenic bacteria over skin resident taxa.
麻风病是一种慢性传染病，在流行国家仍然是公共卫生面临的重大挑战。越来越多的证据凸显了微生物群对人类整体健康的重要性，因此，皮肤微生物群的研究备受关注。虽然研究不断揭示人类皮肤微生物群的复杂性，但麻风皮肤病变的微生物群尚未得到表征。在此，我们使用桑格测序法和大规模平行小亚基核糖体RNA（SSU）rRNA基因测序来表征麻风病变的微生物群，并研究其与文献中先前描述的健康个体的皮肤细菌组成有何不同。对麻风病变的分类分析揭示了主要的四个门：变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门，其中变形菌门的多样性最高。与健康皮肤相比，变形菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门的分布存在显著差异，前两个门在麻风病变中富集，而其他门则明显减少。在健康皮肤中常驻且丰富的丙酸杆菌、棒状杆菌和葡萄球菌在麻风病变皮肤中的含量较低。在麻风病变皮肤中发现的大多数分类群在人类皮肤中并不典型，且可能具有致病性，伯克霍尔德菌属、假单胞菌属和芽孢杆菌属的含量过高。我们的数据表明，微生物群发生了显著变化，潜在致病细菌相对于皮肤常驻分类群出现并具有竞争优势。
