Moreno-Indias Isabel, Tinahones Francisco José
Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Complejo Hospitalario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain ; Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
J Diabetes Res. 2015;2015:970375. doi: 10.1155/2015/970375. Epub 2015 Apr 2.
Obesity is considered a major health problem. However, mechanisms involved and its comorbidities are not elucidated. Recent theories concerning the causes of obesity have focused on a limit to the functional capacity of adipose tissue, comparing it with other vital organs. This assumption has been the central point of interest in our laboratory. We proposed that the failure of adipose tissue is initiated by the difficulty of this tissue to increase its cellularity due to excess in fat contribution, owing to genetic or environmental factors. Nevertheless, why the adipose tissue reduces its capacity to make new adipocytes via mesenchymal cells of the stroma has not yet been elucidated. Thus, we suggest that this tissue ceases fulfilling its main function, the storage of excess fat, thereby affecting some of the key factors involved in lipogenesis, some of which are reviewed in this paper (PPARγ, ROR1, FASN, SCD1, Rab18, BrCa1, ZAG, and FABP4). On the other hand, mechanisms involved in adipose tissue expandability are also impaired, predominating hypertrophy via an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in adipogenesis and angiogenesis. However, adipose tissue failure is only part of this great orchestra, only a chapter of this nightmare.
肥胖被认为是一个主要的健康问题。然而，其涉及的机制及其合并症尚未阐明。最近有关肥胖原因的理论聚焦于脂肪组织功能能力的限制，将其与其他重要器官进行比较。这一假设一直是我们实验室关注的核心点。我们提出，脂肪组织的功能衰竭是由于该组织因遗传或环境因素导致脂肪供应过多而难以增加其细胞数量所引发的。然而，脂肪组织为何通过基质间充质细胞减少生成新脂肪细胞的能力尚未阐明。因此，我们认为该组织不再履行其主要功能，即储存多余脂肪，从而影响了一些参与脂肪生成的关键因素，本文对其中一些因素（过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ、受体酪氨酸激酶样孤儿受体1、脂肪酸合酶、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1、RAB18、乳腺癌1号基因、锌α2糖蛋白和脂肪酸结合蛋白4）进行了综述。另一方面，脂肪组织扩张能力所涉及的机制也受到损害，通过细胞凋亡增加、脂肪生成和血管生成减少，以肥大为主导。然而，脂肪组织功能衰竭只是这个宏大乐章的一部分，只是这场噩梦的一个章节。
