Li Zhen, Zhang Haoran, Li Xiangwei, Yang Yu, Xin Henan, Li Mufei, Feng Boxuan, Gao Lei
Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Dong Dan San Tiao No. 9, Beijing, 100730, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, 100191, China.
PLoS One. 2015 Apr 29;10(4):e0125120. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125120. eCollection 2015.
Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its related diseases are relatively common in men who have sex with men (MSM), especially in those HIV positive. In China, molecular epidemiology of anal HPV infection among HIV-positive MSM has been sparsely studied.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-positive MSM in Xi'an, China between April and July 2014. Anal swabs were collected for HPV genotyping.
A total of 195 HIV-positive MSM were included in this study. HPV genotyping showed that 99.0% (191/193) of participants were positive for at least one of the targeted 37 HPV genotypes. 183 (94.8%) of them were infected with multiple high-risk types and 154 (79.8%) of them with low-risk HPV types. HPV 18 was the most frequently identified high-risk type, followed by HPV 16 and HPV 51. As for low-risk types, HPV11, HPV 6 and HPV 81 were most commonly observe. High-risk HPV infection was found to be associated with the status of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the distribution of low-risk types was observed to be varied by CD4+ T cell level.
Almost all HIV-positive MSM were anal HPV infected in our study. It is highly recommended to consider regular active screening and preventive intervention of HPV infection among this high risk population.
肛门人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染及其相关疾病在男男性行为者（MSM）中相对常见，尤其是在HIV阳性者中。在中国，对HIV阳性MSM人群中肛门HPV感染的分子流行病学研究较少。
2014年4月至7月，在中国西安对HIV阳性MSM人群开展了一项横断面研究。采集肛门拭子进行HPV基因分型。
本研究共纳入195名HIV阳性MSM。HPV基因分型显示，99.0%（191/193）的参与者至少对37种目标HPV基因型中的一种呈阳性。其中183人（94.8%）感染了多种高危型HPV，154人（79.8%）感染了低危型HPV。HPV18是最常检测到的高危型，其次是HPV16和HPV51。低危型中，最常检测到的是HPV11、HPV6和HPV81。发现高危型HPV感染与抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）状态有关，低危型HPV的分布随CD4+T细胞水平而变化。
在我们的研究中，几乎所有HIV阳性MSM都感染了肛门HPV。强烈建议对这一高危人群定期进行HPV感染的主动筛查和预防性干预。
