刺蒴麻（杨柳科）叶片中的抗菌和抗氧化类黄酮
Antimicrobial and antioxidant flavonoids from the leaves of Oncoba spinosa Forssk. (Salicaceae).
作者信息
Djouossi Marie Geneviève, Tamokou Jean-de-Dieu, Ngnokam David, Kuiate Jules-Roger, Tapondjou Leon Azefack, Harakat Dominique, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko Laurence
机构信息
Chemistry Department, University of Dschang, PO Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
Laboratory of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, PO Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
出版信息
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Apr 28;15:134. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0660-1.
BACKGROUND
Naturally occurring flavonoids have been reported to possess various pharmacological properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the MeOH extract and flavonoids from the leaves of Oncoba spinosa, a plant used for the treatment of syphilis, wounds and sexual impotence.
METHODS
The plant extract was prepared by maceration in methanol and sequentially fractionated by column chromatography. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral studies and comparison with published data. The MeOH extract and its isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities by broth microdilution method. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays were used to detect the antioxidant activity. The samples were tested spectrophotometrically for their hemolytic properties against human red blood cells.
RESULTS
The fractionation of the MeOH extract afforded five known flavonoids including kaempferol (1), quercetin (2), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (4) and quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6) β-D-glucopyranoside (5). The MeOH extract displayed weak to moderate antimicrobial activities (MIC = 256-2048 μg/ml). Quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6) β-D-glucopyranoside (5) and quercetin (2) were respectively the most active compounds against bacteria (MIC = 8-64 μg/ml) and fungi (MIC = 64 - 128 μg/ml). These tested samples also showed high radical-scavenging activities (EC50 = 5.08 - 70.56 μg/ml) and gallic acid equivalent antioxidant capacities (TEAC = 53.76 - 89.86 μg/ml) when compared with vitamin C (EC50 = 4.72 μg/ml). The MeOH extract and compounds 2-5 were non-toxic to human red blood cells indicating their high selectivity to be used as antimicrobial and antioxidant drugs.
CONCLUSION
The MeOH extract of O. spinosa as well as compounds 2 - 5 could be a potential source of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant products.
背景
据报道，天然存在的黄酮类化合物具有多种药理特性。本研究的目的是评估刺蒴麻叶甲醇提取物和黄酮类化合物的抗菌和抗氧化活性，刺蒴麻是一种用于治疗梅毒、伤口和性功能障碍的植物。
方法
通过在甲醇中浸渍制备植物提取物，并通过柱色谱法依次分级分离。根据光谱研究和与已发表数据的比较阐明分离化合物的结构。采用肉汤微量稀释法评估甲醇提取物及其分离化合物的抗菌和抗真菌活性。使用1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）和特洛克斯等效抗氧化能力（TEAC）测定法检测抗氧化活性。对样品进行分光光度法检测其对人红细胞的溶血特性。
结果
甲醇提取物的分级分离得到了五种已知的黄酮类化合物，包括山奈酚（1）、槲皮素（2）、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸吡喃糖苷（3）、槲皮素3-O-β-D-半乳糖吡喃糖苷（4）和槲皮素3-O-α-L-鼠李糖吡喃糖基（1→6）β-D-葡萄糖吡喃糖苷（5）。甲醇提取物表现出弱至中等的抗菌活性（MIC = 256 - 2048μg/ml）。槲皮素3-O-α-L-鼠李糖吡喃糖基（1→6）β-D-葡萄糖吡喃糖苷（5）和槲皮素（2）分别是对细菌（MIC = 8 - 64μg/ml）和真菌（MIC = 64 - 128μg/ml）最具活性的化合物。与维生素C（EC50 = 4.72μg/ml）相比，这些测试样品还表现出高自由基清除活性（EC50 = 5.08 - 70.56μg/ml）和没食子酸等效抗氧化能力（TEAC = 53.76 - 89.86μg/ml）。甲醇提取物和化合物2 - 5对人红细胞无毒，表明它们作为抗菌和抗氧化药物具有高选择性。
结论
刺蒴麻的甲醇提取物以及化合物2 - 5可能是天然抗菌和抗氧化产品的潜在来源。
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