护士的工作压力与情绪耗竭：心理控制源的中介作用

Work stress and emotional exhaustion in nurses: the mediating role of internal locus of control.

作者信息

Partlak Günüşen Neslihan, Ustün Besti, Erdem Sabri

出版信息

Res Theory Nurs Pract. 2014;28(3):260-8. doi: 10.1891/1541-6577.28.3.260.

DOI:10.1891/1541-6577.28.3.260

PMID:25929152

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Burnout is a major problem for nursing. There is a strong relationship between work stress and emotional exhaustion. Although studies report a negative correlation between the internal locus of control and emotional exhaustion and work stress, the number of studies available on the subject is limited.

PURPOSE

This study intends to examine the extent to which the relationship between work stress and emotional exhaustion is mediated by nurses' internal locus of control.

METHODS

The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques. The study sample consisted of 347 nurses who worked in a university hospital in Izmir, Turkey and who agreed to participate in the study. The Work-Related Strain Inventory was used to evaluate the nurses' work stress level, Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to evaluate their emotional exhaustion levels, and the Locus of Control Scale was used to evaluate the internal locus of control. The variables of the study were based on the Neuman Systems Model.

RESULTS

Work stress was positively related to internal locus of control (β3 = .21, p < .001), which was, in turn, negatively associated with emotional exhaustion (β = -.03, p > 0.1). Internal locus of control was negatively related to emotional exhaustion (β = -.14, p < .001). Work stress is directly (β = .87, p < .001) and indirectly related to emotional exhaustion (mediated by internal locus of control β = .84, p < .001). Work stress is directly (β = .87, p < .001) and indirectly related to emotional exhaustion (mediated by internal locus of control, β = .84, p < .001).

CONCLUSION

Although the relationship between emotional exhaustion and work stress was mediated, the impact of internal locus of control was limited. It is recommended that different variables be included in future studies so that they can mediate the relationship between work stress and emotional exhaustion.

摘要

背景

职业倦怠是护理领域的一个主要问题。工作压力与情绪耗竭之间存在密切关系。尽管研究报告了内控点与情绪耗竭及工作压力之间存在负相关，但关于该主题的现有研究数量有限。

目的

本研究旨在探讨护士的内控点在多大程度上介导了工作压力与情绪耗竭之间的关系。

方法

本研究采用横断面调查设计。使用结构方程建模技术对数据进行分析。研究样本包括347名在土耳其伊兹密尔一家大学医院工作且同意参与研究的护士。使用工作相关压力量表评估护士的工作压力水平，使用马氏职业倦怠量表评估他们的情绪耗竭水平，使用控制点量表评估内控点。本研究的变量基于纽曼系统模型。

结果

工作压力与内控点呈正相关（β3 = 0.21，p < 0.001），而内控点又与情绪耗竭呈负相关（β = -0.03，p > 0.1）。内控点与情绪耗竭呈负相关（β = -0.14，p < 0.001）。工作压力与情绪耗竭直接相关（β = 0.87，p < 0.001）且间接相关（由内控点介导，β = 0.84，p < 0.001）。工作压力与情绪耗竭直接相关（β = 0.87，p < 0.001）且间接相关（由内控点介导，β = 0.84，p < 0.001）。