School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 2020 Feb;76(2):577-587. doi: 10.1111/jan.14266. Epub 2019 Dec 4.
The aim was to examine the reciprocal relationships of emotional labour strategies with emotional exhaustion and professional identity.
This study adopted a four-wave cross-lagged panel design.
Survey data were collected in 2018 from a sample of 171 newly hired nurses from 58 hospitals in 11 provinces of China. Nurses' emotional labour (i.e., deep acting and surface acting), emotional exhaustion and professional identity were repeatedly measured. Cross-lagged panel analyses were conducted to examine the reciprocal relationships we hypothesized.
We found that emotional exhaustion was positively related to surface acting (but not vice versa); deep acting was negatively related to emotional exhaustion (but not vice versa); professional identity was positively related to deep acting (but not vice versa).
Our findings suggest that deep acting and professional identity may decrease the level of emotional exhaustion, whereas emotionally exhausted nurses are more likely to employ surface acting strategies.
This research finding will have an impact on the nursing management. Healthcare managers may consider workshops or training and development programs that promote nurses' professional identify to promote nurses' use of deep acting and consequently reduce their level of emotional exhaustion, which has been associated with a variety of negative consequences, such as low quality of patient service, high medical accidents, and turnover rate.
本研究旨在考察情绪劳动策略与情绪耗竭和职业认同之间的相互关系。
本研究采用了四波交叉滞后面板设计。
2018 年，从中国 11 个省的 58 家医院招募的 171 名新入职护士中收集了调查数据。反复测量了护士的情绪劳动（即深度表演和表面表演）、情绪耗竭和职业认同。进行交叉滞后面板分析以检验我们假设的相互关系。
我们发现，情绪耗竭与表面表演呈正相关（但反之则不然）；深度表演与情绪耗竭呈负相关（但反之则不然）；职业认同与深度表演呈正相关（但反之则不然）。
我们的研究结果表明，深度表演和职业认同可能会降低情绪耗竭的水平，而情绪耗竭的护士更有可能采用表面表演策略。
这一研究结果将对护理管理产生影响。医疗保健管理人员可能会考虑举办研讨会或培训和发展计划，以促进护士的职业认同，从而鼓励护士采用深度表演，进而降低他们的情绪耗竭水平，因为情绪耗竭与各种负面后果有关，例如服务质量低下、医疗事故高发和离职率高。
