Division of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Indoor Air. 2016 Jun;26(3):414-25. doi: 10.1111/ina.12217. Epub 2015 May 16.
In this study, the occurrence of nine phthalate diesters (phthalates) and 14 organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) was investigated in 62 house dust samples collected from 19 buildings in Stockholm area during the year 2008. Eight phthalates were detected in almost all samples, with median concentrations ranging from 0.47 μg/g to 449 μg/g with di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate being the most abundant compound. Twelve PFRs were detected with median concentrations ranging from 0.19 μg/g to 11 μg/g. Within this class of compounds, the most abundant were tris(2-chloroisopropyl) and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate. Both classes of compounds were also measured in the air of the apartments, but no correlation between air and dust concentrations could be found. Based on these measurements, exposure, via house dust ingestion and air inhalation, was calculated for adults and toddlers, and compared to published limit values in order to estimate potential health risks. In an extreme exposure scenario for toddlers, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, and tributyl phosphate were close to the reference dose for chronic oral exposure or the tolerable daily intake. Standard Reference Material SRM 2585 was used as a quality control sample, and the levels of diisononyl and diisodecyl phthalates were determined in this material.
在这项研究中，研究人员调查了 2008 年在斯德哥尔摩地区的 19 栋建筑物中收集的 62 个家庭灰尘样本中 9 种邻苯二甲酸酯（邻苯二甲酸盐）和 14 种有机磷阻燃剂（PFRs）的存在情况。几乎所有样本中都检测到了 8 种邻苯二甲酸盐，其浓度中位数范围为 0.47μg/g 至 449μg/g，其中二（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯是最丰富的化合物。检测到 12 种 PFRs，其浓度中位数范围为 0.19μg/g 至 11μg/g。在这一类化合物中，最丰富的是三（2-氯异丙基）和三（2-丁氧基乙基）磷酸盐。这两类化合物也在公寓空气中进行了测量，但未发现空气与灰尘浓度之间存在相关性。基于这些测量值，通过吞食家庭灰尘和吸入空气来计算成年人和幼儿的暴露量，并与已公布的限值进行比较，以评估潜在的健康风险。在幼儿的极端暴露情况下，邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯、磷酸三（2-氯乙基）酯、磷酸三（2-丁氧基乙基）酯和磷酸三丁酯接近慢性口服暴露的参考剂量或可耐受日摄入量。标准参考物质 SRM 2585 用作质量控制样品，并且在该材料中确定了二异壬基和二异癸基邻苯二甲酸盐的水平。
