Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63-C-69, Bogota, Colombia ; Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá,Colombia.
Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 #63-C-69, Bogota, Colombia.
Curr Genomics. 2015 Feb;16(1):47-59. doi: 10.2174/1389202916666141223220551.
Vaccines represent the most successful and sustainable tactic to prevent and counteract infection. A vaccine generally improves immunity to a particular disease upon administration by inducing specific protective and efficient immune responses in all of the receiving population. The main known factors influencing the observed heterogeneity for immune re-sponses induced by vaccines are gender, age, co-morbidity, immune system, and genetic background. This review is mainly focused on the genetic status effect to vaccine immune responses and how this could contribute to the development of novel vaccine candidates that could be better directed and predicted relative to the genetic history of an individual and/or population. The text offers a brief history of vaccinology as a field, a description of the genetic status of the most relevant and studied genes and their functionality and correlation with exposure to specific vaccines; followed by an inside look into autoimmunity as a concern when designing vaccines as well as perspectives and conclusions looking towards an era of personalized and predictive vaccinology instead of a one size fits all approach.
疫苗是预防和对抗感染最成功和可持续的策略。疫苗通过在所有接种人群中诱导特定的保护性和高效免疫反应，通常在给药后提高对特定疾病的免疫力。主要已知的影响疫苗诱导免疫反应异质性的因素是性别、年龄、合并症、免疫系统和遗传背景。本综述主要关注遗传状态对疫苗免疫反应的影响，以及这如何有助于开发新的疫苗候选物，相对于个体和/或人群的遗传史，这些候选物可以更好地定向和预测。本文简要介绍了疫苗学作为一个领域的发展历史，描述了最相关和研究最多的基因的遗传状态及其功能，以及它们与特定疫苗暴露的相关性；接着探讨了在设计疫苗时作为一个关注点的自身免疫问题，以及展望了一个个性化和可预测的疫苗学时代的观点和结论，而不是一刀切的方法。
