Khunger Niti, Molpariya Anupama, Khunger Arjun
Department of Dermatology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Department of Dermatology, Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya Hospital, Malviya Nagar, New Delhi, India.
J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2015 Jan-Mar;8(1):30-6. doi: 10.4103/0974-2077.155072.
Tattooing is a process of implantation of permanent pigment granules in the skin. Tattoos can be decorative, medical or accidental. There has been a exponential increase in decorative tattooing as a body art in teenagers and young adults. Unfortunately there are no legislations to promote safe tattooing, hence complications are quite common. Superficial and deep local infections, systemic infections, allergic reactions, photodermatitis, granulomatous reactions and lichenoid reactions may occur. Skin diseases localised on the tattooed area, such as eczema, psoriasis, lichen planus, and morphea can be occasionally seen. When used as a camouflage technique, colour mismatch and patient dissatisfaction are common complications. On the other hand, regrets after a tattoo are also seen and requests for tattoo removal are rising. Laser tattoo removal using Q-switched lasers are the safest; however, complications can occur. Acute complications include pain, blistering, crusting and pinpoint hemorrhage. Among the delayed complications pigmentary changes, hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation, paradoxical darkening of cosmetic tattoos and allergic reactions can be seen. Another common complication is the presence of residual pigmentation or ghost images. Scarring and textural changes are potential irreversible complications. In addition, tattoo removal can be a prolonged tedious procedure, particularly with professional tattoos, which are difficult to erase as compared to amateur tattoos. Hence the adage, stop and think before you ink holds very much true in the present scenario.
纹身是将永久性色素颗粒植入皮肤的过程。纹身可分为装饰性、医疗性或意外性。作为一种人体艺术形式，青少年和年轻人中装饰性纹身的数量呈指数级增长。遗憾的是，目前尚无促进安全纹身的立法，因此并发症相当常见。可能会出现浅表和深部局部感染、全身感染、过敏反应、光性皮炎、肉芽肿反应和苔藓样反应。偶尔也可见局限于纹身部位的皮肤病，如湿疹、银屑病、扁平苔藓和硬斑病。当用作伪装技术时，颜色不匹配和患者不满意是常见的并发症。另一方面，纹身后悔的情况也很常见，去除纹身的需求也在增加。使用调Q激光进行激光纹身去除是最安全的；然而，也可能会出现并发症。急性并发症包括疼痛、水疱、结痂和点状出血。延迟并发症包括色素沉着变化、色素减退和色素沉着过度、美容纹身的反常变黑以及过敏反应。另一个常见并发症是残留色素沉着或重影的出现。瘢痕形成和质地改变是潜在的不可逆并发症。此外，纹身去除可能是一个漫长而乏味的过程，尤其是专业纹身，与业余纹身相比，专业纹身更难去除。因此，“纹身之前先停一停，想一想”这句格言在当前情况下非常适用。
