Cárdenas-Ortega Norma Cecilia, González-Chávez Marco Martín, Figueroa-Brito Rodolfo, Flores-Macías Antonio, Romo-Asunción Diana, Martínez-González Diana Elizabeth, Pérez-Moreno Víctor, Ramos-López Miguel Angel
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78290 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico.
Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, km 6, Calle Ceprobi No. 6, Col. San Isidro, C.P. 62731 Yautepec, Morelos, Mexico.
Molecules. 2015 May 5;20(5):8048-59. doi: 10.3390/molecules20058048.
Essential oils can be used as an alternative to using synthetic insecticides for pest management. Therefore, the insectistatic and insecticidal activities of the essential oil of aerial parts of Salvia ballotiflora (Lamiaceae) were tested against the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The results demonstrated insecticidal and insectistatical activities against this insect pest with concentrations at 80 µg·mL(-1) resulting in 20% larval viability and 10% pupal viability. The larval viability fifty (LV50) corresponded to a concentration of 128.8 µg·mL(-1). This oil also increased the duration of the larval phase by 5.5 days and reduced the pupal weight by 29.2% withrespect to the control. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil of S. ballotiflora showed its main components to be caryophyllene oxide (15.97%), and β-caryophyllene (12.74%), which showed insecticidal and insectistatical activities against S. frugiperda. The insecticidal activity of β-caryophyllene began at 80 µg·mL(-1), giving a larval viability of 25% and viability pupal of 20%. The insectistatic activity also started at 80 µg·mL(-1) reducing the pupal weight by 22.1% with respect to control. Caryophyllene oxide showed insecticidal activity at 80 µg·mL(-1) giving a larval viability of 35% and viability pupal of 20%.The insectistatic activity started at 400 µg·mL(-1) and increased the larval phase by 8.8% days with respect to control. The LV50 values for these compounds were 153.1 and 146.5 µg·mL(-1), respectively.
香精油可作为合成杀虫剂的替代品用于害虫管理。因此，对鼠尾草（唇形科）地上部分的香精油针对草地贪夜蛾（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）的抑虫和杀虫活性进行了测试。结果表明，该香精油对这种害虫具有杀虫和抑虫活性，浓度为80微克·毫升⁻¹时，幼虫存活率为20%，蛹存活率为10%。幼虫半数存活浓度（LV50）相当于128.8微克·毫升⁻¹。与对照相比，这种油还使幼虫期延长了5.5天，并使蛹重降低了29.2%。对鼠尾草香精油的气相色谱-质谱分析表明，其主要成分是氧化石竹烯（15.97%）和β-石竹烯（12.74%），它们对草地贪夜蛾表现出杀虫和抑虫活性。β-石竹烯的杀虫活性在80微克·毫升⁻¹时开始显现，幼虫存活率为25%，蛹存活率为20%。抑虫活性也在80微克·毫升⁻¹时开始，与对照相比，蛹重降低了22.1%。氧化石竹烯在80微克·毫升⁻¹时表现出杀虫活性，幼虫存活率为35%，蛹存活率为20%。抑虫活性在400微克·毫升⁻¹时开始，与对照相比，幼虫期延长了8.8天。这些化合物的LV50值分别为153.1和146.5微克·毫升⁻¹。
