Samuel Nancy Elizabeth, Krishnagopal Srikanth
Post Graduate, Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sribalaji Vidyapeeth University , Pondicherry, India .
Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sribalaji Vidyapeeth University , Pondicherry, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Mar;9(3):NC01-4. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/11780.5676. Epub 2015 Mar 1.
To evaluate the foveal and macular thickness in various degrees of myopia and its association with axial length in low, moderate and high degrees of myopia.
A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Ophthalmology, MGMCRI, Pondicherry, India.
One hundred and twenty five eyes eyes of 64 myopic subjects between the age group of 20-40 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected and complete ophthalmic examination was done. Cycloplegic refraction was done and the subjects were categorized into low (n=43 eyes), moderate (n=43 eyes) and high (n=36) degrees of myopia. The foveal and macular thickness was assessed using spectral OCT- SLO and axial length was measured by A-scan biometry.
The foveae minimum of high myopia (178 ± 26.4 microns) was significantly thicker compared to moderate myopia (p= 0.028). There was no significant intergroup difference in the thickness significance of the outer and inner macular between mild, moderate and high degree of myopia. The mean axial length of high myopia (26.7±0.97mm) was significantly higher compared to moderate (24.6±0.81mm) and low myopia (23.5±0.81mm) with a p-value of p = 0.001. There was a positive correlation of axial length with foveae minimum, fovea and superior inner macula in respect to myopia (p<0.05).
The foveal and macular thickness in myopia is influenced by the axial length. Early detection of such changes in macular thickness by using OCT is helpful in understanding the mechanism and factors affecting the structural changes of myopic eyes. Also it implicates the importance of refractive error induced retinal macular changes while interpreting OCT.
评估不同程度近视患者的黄斑中心凹及黄斑厚度，并探讨其在低度、中度和高度近视中与眼轴长度的相关性。
在印度本地治里市MGMCRI眼科进行的一项横断面研究。
选取64例年龄在20 - 40岁之间符合纳入标准的近视患者的125只眼，进行全面的眼科检查。进行睫状肌麻痹验光，并将受试者分为低度近视组（n = 43只眼）、中度近视组（n = 43只眼）和高度近视组（n = 36只眼）。使用光谱光学相干断层扫描 - 扫描激光检眼镜（OCT - SLO）评估黄斑中心凹及黄斑厚度，使用A超生物测量法测量眼轴长度。
高度近视患者黄斑中心凹最小值（178 ± 26.4微米）明显厚于中度近视患者（p = 0.028）。低度、中度和高度近视患者的黄斑外层和内层厚度在组间无显著差异。高度近视患者的平均眼轴长度（26.7±0.97毫米）明显高于中度近视患者（24.6±0.81毫米）和低度近视患者（23.5±0.81毫米），p值为p = 0.001。近视患者的眼轴长度与黄斑中心凹最小值、黄斑中心凹及黄斑上内侧存在正相关（p < 0.05）。
近视患者的黄斑中心凹及黄斑厚度受眼轴长度影响。通过光学相干断层扫描（OCT）早期检测黄斑厚度的这种变化有助于理解影响近视眼结构变化的机制和因素。这也暗示了在解读OCT时屈光不正引起的视网膜黄斑变化的重要性。
