Etemadifar Shahram, Bahrami Masoud, Shahriari Mohsen, Farsani Alireza Khosravi
1PhD, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2PhD, Assistant Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran 3PhD, Assistant Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran 4MD, Associate Professor and Cardiovascular Subspecialist, Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
J Nurs Res. 2015 Jun;23(2):153-61. doi: 10.1097/JNR.0000000000000076.
Living with heart failure is a complex situation for family caregivers. Many studies addressing the challenges faced by heart failure family caregivers have already been conducted in Western societal settings. Sociocultural factors and perspectives influence the family caring experience and roles. The ethnic/culturally based differences in family caring behavior make this a subject worth further exploration and clarification.
This study explores the experiences of family caregivers in Iran of caring for patients with heart failure.
A descriptive, exploratory, and qualitative approach was applied to gain authentic insight into the experiences of participants. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 21 family caregivers from three educational hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and field notes. Interviews and field notes were transcribed verbatim and concurrently analyzed.
Three major themes emerged from the analysis of the transcripts: caregiver uncertainty, lack of familial and organizational support, and Allah-centered caring. Participants believed that they did not have the basic knowledge related to their disease and drugs. In addition, they received little guidance from the healthcare team. Lack of support and insurance as well as financial issues were major problems faced by the caregivers. They accepted the providence of Allah and noted that Allah always helps them accomplish their caregiving responsibilities.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The care performed by the caregivers of patients with heart failure exceeds their individual capabilities. Nurses, other healthcare providers, and health policy makers may use the findings of this study to develop more effective programs to address these challenges and to provide more effective support.Sociocultural factors and perspectives were the primary factors affecting the caregiving experiences of participants in this study. Improved understanding of these factors and perspectives will help healthcare providers develop and implement suitable intervention programs for caregivers. Healthcare professionals should develop context-based intervention programs to promote caregiver capabilities and encourage caregivers to participate to facilitate the caregiving roles of caregivers.
对于家庭照顾者而言，与心力衰竭患者共同生活是一种复杂的情况。许多针对心力衰竭家庭照顾者所面临挑战的研究已在西方社会环境中开展。社会文化因素和观念会影响家庭照顾体验及角色。基于种族/文化的家庭照顾行为差异使得这一主题值得进一步探索和阐明。
本研究探讨伊朗家庭照顾者照顾心力衰竭患者的经历。
采用描述性、探索性和定性研究方法，以深入了解参与者的经历。采用目的抽样法从伊朗伊斯法罕的三家教学医院招募了21名家庭照顾者。通过半结构化访谈和实地记录收集数据。访谈和实地记录逐字转录并同步分析。
对转录文本的分析得出了三个主要主题：照顾者的不确定性、缺乏家庭和组织支持以及以真主为中心的照顾。参与者认为他们不具备与疾病和药物相关的基本知识。此外，他们从医疗团队获得的指导很少。缺乏支持和保险以及经济问题是照顾者面临的主要问题。他们接受真主的天意，并指出真主总是帮助他们履行照顾责任。
结论/对实践的启示：心力衰竭患者的照顾者所提供的照顾超出了他们的个人能力。护士、其他医疗服务提供者和卫生政策制定者可利用本研究的结果制定更有效的方案来应对这些挑战并提供更有效的支持。社会文化因素和观念是影响本研究参与者照顾体验的主要因素。更好地理解这些因素和观念将有助于医疗服务提供者为照顾者制定和实施合适的干预方案。医疗专业人员应制定基于具体情况的干预方案，以提升照顾者的能力，并鼓励照顾者参与，以促进照顾者的照顾角色。
