孕期及哺乳期竞技跑步者的跑步习惯
Running habits of competitive runners during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
作者信息
Tenforde Adam S, Toth Kierann E S, Langen Elizabeth, Fredericson Michael, Sainani Kristin L
机构信息
Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Mid-Hudson Family Medicine Residency Program, Institute for Family Health, Kingston, New York.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2015 Mar;7(2):172-6. doi: 10.1177/1941738114549542.
BACKGROUND
Running is a popular sport that may be performed safely during pregnancy. Few studies have characterized running behavior of competitive female runners during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
HYPOTHESIS
Women modify their running behavior during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
STUDY DESIGN
Observational, cross-sectional study.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 2.
METHODS
One hundred ten female long-distance runners who ran competitively prior to pregnancy completed an online survey characterizing training attitudes and behaviors during pregnancy and postpartum.
RESULTS
Seventy percent of runners ran some time during their pregnancy (or pregnancies), but only 31% ran during their third trimester. On average, women reduced training during pregnancy, including cutting their intensity to about half of their nonpregnant running effort. Only 3.9% reported sustaining a running injury while pregnant. Fewer than one third (29.9%) selected fetal health as a reason to continue running during pregnancy. Of the women who breastfed, 84.1% reported running during breastfeeding. Most felt that running had no effect on their ability to breastfeed. Women who ran during breastfeeding were less likely to report postpartum depression than those who did not run (6.7% vs 23.5%, P = 0.051), but we did not detect the same association of running during pregnancy (6.5% vs 15.2%, P = 0.16).
CONCLUSION
Women runners reported a reduction in total training while pregnant, and few sustained running injuries during pregnancy. The effect of running on postpartum depression was not clear from our findings.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
We characterized running behaviors during pregnancy and breastfeeding in competitive runners. Most continue to run during pregnancy but reduce total training effort. Top reasons for running during pregnancy were fitness, health, and maintaining routine; the most common reason for not running was not feeling well. Most competitive runners run during breastfeeding with little perceived impact.
背景
跑步是一项受欢迎的运动，孕期进行跑步通常是安全的。很少有研究描述过孕期和哺乳期有竞争力的女性跑步者的跑步行为。
假设
女性在孕期和哺乳期会改变她们的跑步行为。
研究设计
观察性横断面研究。
证据水平
2级。
方法
110名在怀孕前参加过竞技长跑的女性长跑运动员完成了一项在线调查，该调查描述了她们在孕期和产后的训练态度和行为。
结果
70%的跑步者在孕期（或多次孕期）的某些时候仍在跑步，但只有31%的人在孕晚期仍在跑步。平均而言，女性在孕期会减少训练，包括将强度降低到非孕期跑步强度的一半左右。只有3.9%的人报告在孕期跑步时受过伤。不到三分之一（29.9%）的人选择胎儿健康作为孕期继续跑步的理由。在进行母乳喂养的女性中，84.1%的人报告在哺乳期仍在跑步。大多数人认为跑步对她们的母乳喂养能力没有影响。在哺乳期跑步的女性比不跑步的女性患产后抑郁症的可能性更小（6.7%对23.5%，P = 0.051），但我们没有发现孕期跑步与产后抑郁症之间存在同样的关联（6.5%对15.2%，P = 0.16）。
结论
女性跑步者报告孕期的总训练量减少，孕期很少有人因跑步受伤。从我们的研究结果来看，跑步对产后抑郁症的影响并不明确。
临床意义
我们描述了有竞争力的跑步者在孕期和哺乳期的跑步行为。大多数人在孕期仍继续跑步，但会减少总训练量。孕期跑步的主要原因是保持健康、身体健康和维持日常习惯；不跑步的最常见原因是感觉不舒服。大多数有竞争力的跑步者在哺乳期仍在跑步，且感觉影响很小。
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