Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.
Front Nutr. 2014 Aug 12;1:12. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2014.00012. eCollection 2014.
In this investigation, the influence of the application of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) of different intensities (3-7 kV/cm and 0-300 μs) on the carotenoid extraction from tomato peel and pulp in a mixture of hexane:acetone:ethanol was studied with the aim of increasing extraction yield or reducing the percentage of the less green solvents in the extraction medium. According to the cellular disintegration index, the optimum treatment time for the permeabilization of tomato peel and pulp at different electric field strengths was 90 μs. The PEF permeabilization of tomato pulp did not significantly increase the carotenoid extraction. However, a PEF treatment at 5 kV/cm improved the carotenoid extraction from tomato peel by 39% as compared with the control in a mixture of hexane:ethanol:acetone (50:25:25). Further increments of electric field from 5 to 7 kV/cm did not increase significantly the extraction of carotenoids. The presence of acetone in the solvent mixture did not positively affect the carotenoid extraction when the tomato peels were PEF-treated. Response surface methodology was used to determine the potential of PEF for reducing the percentage of hexane in a hexane:ethanol mixture. The application of a PEF treatment allowed reducing the hexane percentage from 45 to 30% without affecting the carotenoid extraction yield. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts obtained from tomato peel was correlated with the carotenoid concentration and it was not affected by the PEF treatment.
在这项研究中，研究了不同强度（3-7 kV/cm 和 0-300 μs）的脉冲电场（PEF）在己烷:丙酮:乙醇混合物中对番茄皮和果肉中类胡萝卜素提取的影响，目的是提高提取产率或降低提取介质中绿色溶剂的比例。根据细胞破碎指数，在不同电场强度下，番茄皮和果肉的最佳渗透处理时间为 90 μs。PEF 处理对番茄果肉的类胡萝卜素提取没有显著影响。然而，与己烷:乙醇:丙酮（50:25:25）混合物中的对照相比，5 kV/cm 的 PEF 处理可将番茄皮中的类胡萝卜素提取提高 39%。从 5 到 7 kV/cm 的电场进一步增加并没有显著增加类胡萝卜素的提取。当对番茄皮进行 PEF 处理时，丙酮在溶剂混合物中的存在并没有对类胡萝卜素的提取产生积极影响。响应面法用于确定 PEF 降低己烷:乙醇混合物中己烷百分比的潜力。PEF 处理可将己烷的百分比从 45%降低到 30%，而不影响类胡萝卜素的提取产率。从番茄皮中获得的提取物的抗氧化能力与类胡萝卜素浓度相关，不受 PEF 处理的影响。
