临床疑似甲真菌病患者中马拉色菌酵母的患病率及菌种组成
The Prevalence and Species Composition of Malassezia yeasts in Patients with Clinically Suspected Onychomycosis.
作者信息
Prohic Asja, Kuskunovic-Vlahovljak Suada, Sadikovic Tamara Jovovic, Cavaljuga Semra
机构信息
Department of Dermatovenerology, University Clinical Center of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
出版信息
Med Arch. 2015 Apr;69(2):81-4. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2015.69.81-84. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
INTRODUCTION
There are limited numbers of studies which focused on the identification of Malassezia yeasts to a species level in onychomycosis. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and species composition of Malassezia yeasts in patients with clinically suspected onychomycosis and to examine if the range of species varies with patient gender, age, site of involvement and clinical pattern of onychomycosis.
METHODS
Specimens were taken from 785 patients presenting signs of onychomycosis and then incubated on Sabouraud dextrose agar and modified Dixon agar. The yeasts isolated were identified according to their macroscopic and microscopic features and physiological characteristics.
RESULTS
Malassezia species were diagnosed both by microscopy and culture in fourteen (1.8%) patients. M. globosa was the predominant, if not only, species identified from nail samples. Mixed cultures were observed in five cases: in 4 cases Malassezia was co-isolated with Candida albicans and in one case with dermatophyte. Fingernails were affected more frequently than toenails (85.7%) and distolateral subungual onychomycosis was the most common clinical type (78.6%).
CONCLUSION
No significant differences were found in the distribution of Malassezia species isolated according to demographic parameters.
引言
专注于将马拉色菌鉴定到甲真菌病物种水平的研究数量有限。因此，我们研究的目的是确定临床疑似甲真菌病患者中马拉色菌的患病率和物种组成，并检查物种范围是否因患者性别、年龄、受累部位和甲真菌病的临床类型而异。
方法
从785例有甲真菌病体征的患者中采集标本，然后在沙氏葡萄糖琼脂和改良迪克森琼脂上培养。根据分离出的酵母的宏观和微观特征及生理特性进行鉴定。
结果
通过显微镜检查和培养在14例（1.8%）患者中诊断出马拉色菌属。球形马拉色菌是从指甲样本中鉴定出的主要（如果不是唯一的）物种。在5例中观察到混合培养：4例中马拉色菌与白色念珠菌共同分离，1例中与皮肤癣菌共同分离。手指甲受累比脚趾甲更频繁（85.7%），远端外侧甲下甲真菌病是最常见的临床类型（78.6%）。
结论
根据人口统计学参数分离出的马拉色菌属分布未发现显著差异。
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