昆虫中RNA干扰介导的抗病毒防御
RNA interference-mediated antiviral defense in insects.
作者信息
Gammon Don B, Mello Craig C
机构信息
RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, USA.
RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, USA ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2015 Apr 1;8:111-120. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2015.01.006.
Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) pathways are critical for the detection and inhibition of RNA virus replication in insects. Recent work has also implicated RNAi pathways in the establishment of persistent virus infections and in the control of DNA virus replication. Accumulating evidence suggests that diverse double-stranded RNAs produced by RNA and DNA viruses can trigger RNAi responses yet many viruses have evolved mechanisms to inhibit RNAi defenses. Therefore, an evolutionary arms race exists between host RNAi pathways and invading viral pathogens. Here we review recent advances in our knowledge of how insect RNAi pathways are elicited upon infection, the strategies used by viruses to counter these defenses, and discuss recent evidence implicating Piwi-interacting RNAs in antiviral defense.
小分子干扰RNA（siRNA）介导的RNA干扰（RNAi）途径对于昆虫中RNA病毒复制的检测和抑制至关重要。最近的研究还表明RNAi途径参与了持续性病毒感染的建立以及DNA病毒复制的控制。越来越多的证据表明，RNA病毒和DNA病毒产生的各种双链RNA可触发RNAi反应，但许多病毒已经进化出抑制RNAi防御的机制。因此，宿主RNAi途径与入侵的病毒病原体之间存在一场进化上的军备竞赛。在此，我们综述了关于感染时昆虫RNAi途径如何被激活、病毒对抗这些防御的策略的最新研究进展，并讨论了近期有关Piwi相互作用RNA参与抗病毒防御的证据。
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