社会经济地位和种族与饮食模式独立相关：HELIUS饮食模式研究。
Socio-economic status and ethnicity are independently associated with dietary patterns: the HELIUS-Dietary Patterns study.
作者信息
Dekker Louise H, Nicolaou Mary, van Dam Rob M, de Vries Jeanne H M, de Boer Evelien J, Brants Henny A M, Beukers Marja H, Snijder Marieke B, Stronks Karien
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Food Nutr Res. 2015 Jun 2;59:26317. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v59.26317. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
Differences in dietary patterns between ethnic groups have often been observed. These differences may partially be a reflection of differences in socio-economic status (SES) or may be the result of differences in the direction and strength of the association between SES and diet.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to examine ethnic differences in dietary patterns and the role of socio-economic indicators on dietary patterns within a multi-ethnic population.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional multi-ethnic population-based study.
SETTING
Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
SUBJECTS
Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary patterns among Dutch (n=1,254), South Asian Surinamese (n=425), and African Surinamese (n=784) participants. Levels of education and occupation were used to indicate SES. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between ethnicity and dietary pattern scores first and then between socio-economic indicators and dietary patterns within and between ethnic groups.
RESULTS
'Noodle/rice dishes and white meat', 'red meat, snacks, and sweets' and 'vegetables, fruit and nuts' patterns were identified. Compared to the Dutch origin participants, Surinamese more closely adhered to the 'noodle/rice dishes and white meat' pattern which was characterized by foods consumed in a 'traditional Surinamese diet'. Closer adherence to the other two patterns was observed among Dutch compared to Surinamese origin participants. Ethnic differences in dietary patterns persisted within strata of education and occupation. Surinamese showed greater adherence to a 'traditional' pattern independent of SES. Among Dutch participants, a clear socio-economic gradient in all dietary patterns was observed. Such a gradient was only present among Surinamese dietary oatterns to the 'vegetables, fruit and nuts' pattern.
CONCLUSIONS
We found a selective change in the adherence to dietary patterns among Surinamese origin participants, presumably a move towards more vegetables and fruits with higher SES but continued fidelity to the traditional diet.
背景
不同种族群体之间的饮食模式差异经常被观察到。这些差异可能部分反映了社会经济地位（SES）的差异，或者可能是SES与饮食之间关联的方向和强度差异的结果。
目的
我们旨在研究多民族人群中饮食模式的种族差异以及社会经济指标对饮食模式的作用。
设计
基于多民族人群的横断面研究。
地点
荷兰阿姆斯特丹。
对象
采用主成分分析确定荷兰（n = 1254）、南亚苏里南人（n = 425）和非洲苏里南人（n = 784）参与者的饮食模式。使用教育程度和职业水平来表示SES。首先使用线性回归分析来研究种族与饮食模式得分之间的关联，然后研究社会经济指标与种族群体内部和之间的饮食模式之间的关联。
结果
确定了“面食/米饭菜肴和白肉”、“红肉、零食和甜食”以及“蔬菜、水果和坚果”模式。与荷兰裔参与者相比，苏里南人更紧密地遵循以“传统苏里南饮食”中食用的食物为特征的“面食/米饭菜肴和白肉”模式。与苏里南裔参与者相比，荷兰人更紧密地遵循其他两种模式。饮食模式的种族差异在教育和职业阶层中持续存在。苏里南人表现出更坚持独立于SES的“传统”模式。在荷兰参与者中，所有饮食模式都观察到明显的社会经济梯度。这种梯度仅在苏里南人的饮食模式中存在于“蔬菜、水果和坚果”模式中。
结论
我们发现苏里南裔参与者对饮食模式的遵循存在选择性变化，推测随着SES的提高，他们会更多地食用蔬菜和水果，但仍会继续坚持传统饮食。
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