Batalov Ivan, Feinberg Adam W
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Biomark Insights. 2015 May 27;10(Suppl 1):71-6. doi: 10.4137/BMI.S20050. eCollection 2015.
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a promising cell source for cardiac tissue engineering and cell-based therapies for heart repair because they can be expanded in vitro and differentiated into most cardiovascular cell types, including cardiomyocytes. During embryonic heart development, this differentiation occurs under the influence of internal and external stimuli that guide cells to go down the cardiac lineage. In order to differentiate PSCs in vitro, these or similar stimuli need to be provided in a controlled manner. However, because it is not possible to completely recapitulate the embryonic environment, the factors essential for cardiac differentiation of PSCs in vitro need to be experimentally determined and validated. Since PSCs were first developed, significant progress has been made in optimizing techniques for their differentiation toward cardiomyocytes. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in these techniques, with particular focus on monolayer-based methods that have improved the efficiency and scalability of cardiomyocyte differentiation.
人类多能干细胞（PSCs）是心脏组织工程和基于细胞的心脏修复治疗中一种很有前景的细胞来源，因为它们可以在体外扩增并分化为大多数心血管细胞类型，包括心肌细胞。在胚胎心脏发育过程中，这种分化是在内部和外部刺激的影响下发生的，这些刺激引导细胞走向心脏谱系。为了在体外分化PSCs，需要以可控的方式提供这些或类似的刺激。然而，由于不可能完全重现胚胎环境，因此需要通过实验确定和验证PSCs体外心脏分化所必需的因素。自从首次开发出PSCs以来，在优化其向心肌细胞分化的技术方面已经取得了重大进展。在这篇综述中，我们将总结这些技术的最新进展，特别关注基于单层培养的方法，这些方法提高了心肌细胞分化的效率和可扩展性。
