体力活动、体能与白细胞端粒长度：心血管健康研究
Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Leukocyte Telomere Length: The Cardiovascular Health Study.
作者信息
Soares-Miranda Luisa, Imamura Fumiaki, Siscovick David, Jenny Nancy Swords, Fitzpatrick Annette L, Mozaffarian Dariush
机构信息
1Research Center in Physical Activity Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL; 2MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UNITED KINGDOM; 3New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY; 4Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; 5Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT; and 6Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA.
出版信息
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 Dec;47(12):2525-34. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000720.
INTRODUCTION
The influence of physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) at older ages on changes in telomere length (TL)--repetitive DNA sequences that may mark biologic aging--is not well-established. Few prior studies (mainly cross-sectional) have been conducted in older adults, and few studies have evaluated PF.
METHODS
We investigated cross-sectional and prospective associations of PA and PF with leukocyte TL among 582 older adults (mean ± SD age, 73 ± 5 yr at baseline) in the Cardiovascular Health Study, with serial TL measures and PA and PF assessed multiple times. Cross-sectional associations were assessed using multivariable repeated-measures regression, in which cumulatively averaged PA and PF measures were related to TL. Longitudinal analyses assessed cumulatively averaged PA and PF against later changes in TL, and changes in cumulatively averaged PA and PF against changes in TL.
RESULTS
Cross-sectionally, greater walking distance and chair test performance, but not other PA and PF measures, were each associated with longer TL (P trend = 0.007 and 0.04, respectively). In longitudinal analyses, no significant associations of baseline PA and PF with change in TL were observed. In contrast, changes in leisure-time activity and chair test performance were each inversely associated with changes in TL.
CONCLUSIONS
Cross-sectional analyses suggest that greater PA and PF are associated with longer TL. Prospective analyses show that changes in PA and PF are associated with differences in changes in TL. Even later in life, changes in certain PA and PF measures are associated with changes in TL, suggesting that leisure-time activity and fitness could reduce leukocyte telomere attrition among older adults.
引言
老年人的身体活动（PA）和身体素质（PF）对端粒长度（TL）变化的影响尚未明确，端粒长度是一种可能标志生物衰老的重复DNA序列。此前针对老年人开展的研究较少（主要为横断面研究），且很少有研究评估身体素质。
方法
在心血管健康研究中，我们调查了582名老年人（基线时平均年龄±标准差为73±5岁）PA和PF与白细胞TL的横断面及前瞻性关联，对TL进行了系列测量，并多次评估PA和PF。使用多变量重复测量回归评估横断面关联，其中将累积平均PA和PF测量值与TL相关联。纵向分析评估累积平均PA和PF与TL后期变化的关系，以及累积平均PA和PF的变化与TL变化的关系。
结果
在横断面分析中，步行距离更长和椅子测试表现更好，但其他PA和PF测量指标与更长的TL均相关（P趋势分别为0.007和0.04）。在纵向分析中，未观察到基线PA和PF与TL变化之间存在显著关联。相反，休闲活动的变化和椅子测试表现均与TL变化呈负相关。
结论
横断面分析表明，更高的PA和PF与更长的TL相关。前瞻性分析表明，PA和PF的变化与TL变化的差异相关。即使在生命后期，某些PA和PF测量指标的变化也与TL变化相关，这表明休闲活动和身体素质可能会减少老年人白细胞端粒的损耗。
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