离异家庭子女的社会支持：直接效应与压力缓冲效应
Social support of children of divorce: direct and stress buffering effects.
作者信息
Wolchik S A, Ruehlman L S, Braver S L, Sandler I N
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287.
出版信息
Am J Community Psychol. 1989 Aug;17(4):485-501. doi: 10.1007/BF00931174.
This study examined the direct and stress-buffering effects of support from family adults, nonfamily adults, family children, and nonfamily children on the adjustment of 104 children of divorce. For children's reports of adjustment, significant stress-buffering (i.e., Stress x Support) interactions for support from family adults and support from nonfamily adults occurred. The lower the level of social support, the stronger the positive relation between stress and adjustment problems. In addition, at high levels of stress, children with high support from nonfamily and family adults reported fewer adjustment problems than did children with low support. However, at the lowest level of stress, children with high support from nonfamily adults were significantly more poorly adjusted than were children with low support. For parental reports of children's adjustment, support from family adults was marginally positively related to adjustment whereas support from nonfamily adults was inversely related to adjustment. Implications for intervention programs for children of divorce are discussed.
本研究考察了来自家庭成年人、非家庭成年人、家庭儿童和非家庭儿童的支持对104名离异家庭儿童适应状况的直接影响和压力缓冲效应。对于儿童报告的适应情况，来自家庭成年人的支持和来自非家庭成年人的支持存在显著的压力缓冲（即压力×支持）交互作用。社会支持水平越低，压力与适应问题之间的正向关系越强。此外，在高压力水平下，来自非家庭和家庭成年人高支持的儿童比低支持的儿童报告的适应问题更少。然而，在最低压力水平下，来自非家庭成年人高支持的儿童比低支持的儿童适应状况明显更差。对于父母报告的儿童适应情况，来自家庭成年人的支持与适应呈微弱的正相关，而来自非家庭成年人的支持与适应呈负相关。文中讨论了对离异家庭儿童干预项目的启示。
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