Silagi Marcela Lima, Bertolucci Paulo Henrique Ferreira, Ortiz Karin Zazo
Department of Speech Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo/, SP, Brazil.
Sector of Behavior Neurology, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2015 Jun;70(6):423-8. doi: 10.6061/clinics/2015(06)07. Epub 2015 Jun 1.
Naming deficit is a linguistic symptom that appears in the initial phase of Alzheimer's disease, but the types of naming errors and the ways in which this deficit changes over the course of the disease are unclear. We analyzed the performance of patients with Alzheimer's disease on naming tasks during the mild and moderate phases and verified how this linguistic skill deteriorates over the course of the disease.
A reduced version of the Boston Naming Test was administered to 30 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease, 30 patients with moderate Alzheimer's disease and 30 healthy controls. Errors were classified as verbal semantic paraphasia, verbal phonemic paraphasia, no response (pure anomia), circumlocution, unrelated verbal paraphasia, visual errors or intrusion errors.
The patients with moderate Alzheimer's disease had significantly fewer correct answers than did both the control group and the group with mild Alzheimer's disease. With regard to the pattern of errors, verbal semantic paraphasia errors were the most frequent errors in all three groups. Additionally, as the disease severity increased, there was an increase in the number of no-response errors (pure anomia). The group with moderate Alzheimer's disease demonstrated a greater incidence of visual errors and unrelated verbal paraphasias compared with the other two groups and presented a more variable pattern of errors.
Performance on nominative tasks worsened as the disease progressed in terms of both the quantity and the type of errors encountered. This result reflects impairment at different levels of linguistic processing.
命名障碍是阿尔茨海默病初始阶段出现的一种语言症状，但命名错误的类型以及该障碍在疾病过程中的变化方式尚不清楚。我们分析了阿尔茨海默病患者在轻度和中度阶段命名任务中的表现，并验证了这种语言技能在疾病过程中是如何恶化的。
对30名轻度阿尔茨海默病患者、30名中度阿尔茨海默病患者和30名健康对照者进行了简化版的波士顿命名测试。错误被分类为言语语义性错语、言语音素性错语、无反应（纯命名性失语）、迂回说法、无关言语错语、视觉错误或插入错误。
中度阿尔茨海默病患者的正确答案明显少于对照组和轻度阿尔茨海默病组。关于错误模式，言语语义性错语在所有三组中都是最常见的错误。此外，随着疾病严重程度的增加，无反应错误（纯命名性失语）的数量也在增加。与其他两组相比，中度阿尔茨海默病组的视觉错误和无关言语错语的发生率更高，并且呈现出更具变异性的错误模式。
随着疾病进展，命名任务的表现无论是在错误数量还是错误类型方面都有所恶化。这一结果反映了语言处理不同层面的损伤。
