Vijayvergia Namrata, Denlinger Crystal S
Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
J Pers Med. 2015 Jul 2;5(3):243-63. doi: 10.3390/jpm5030243.
Advances in early detection and curative therapies have led to an increased number of cancer survivors over the last twenty years. With this population comes the need to evaluate the late and long term effects of cancer treatment and develop recommendations about how to optimally care for these survivors. Lifestyle factors (diet, body weight, physical activity, and smoking) have been linked to a higher risk of many medical comorbidities (cardiovascular, metabolic, etc.). There is increasing evidence linking these factors to the risk of developing cancer and likely cancer-related outcomes. This link has been studied extensively in common cancers like breast, colon, prostate, and lung cancers through observational studies and is now being prospectively evaluated in interventional studies. Realizing that survivors are highly motivated to improve their overall health after a diagnosis of cancer, healthy lifestyle recommendations from oncology providers can serve as a strong tool to motivate survivors to adopt health behavior changes. Our article aims to review the evidence that links lifestyle factors to cancer outcomes and provides clinical recommendations for cancer survivors.
在过去二十年中，早期检测和治疗方法的进步使癌症幸存者的数量有所增加。随着这一群体的出现，有必要评估癌症治疗的晚期和长期影响，并就如何为这些幸存者提供最佳护理提出建议。生活方式因素（饮食、体重、身体活动和吸烟）与许多医学合并症（心血管、代谢等）的较高风险相关。越来越多的证据表明，这些因素与患癌风险以及可能的癌症相关后果有关。通过观察性研究，这种联系在乳腺癌、结肠癌、前列腺癌和肺癌等常见癌症中得到了广泛研究，目前正在干预性研究中进行前瞻性评估。认识到幸存者在被诊断患有癌症后有强烈的动力来改善他们的整体健康状况，肿瘤学提供者提供的健康生活方式建议可以成为激励幸存者改变健康行为的有力工具。我们的文章旨在回顾将生活方式因素与癌症结局联系起来的证据，并为癌症幸存者提供临床建议。
