Miłkowska-Dymanowska Joanna, Białas Adam J, Zalewska-Janowska Anna, Górski Paweł, Piotrowski Wojciech J
Department of Pneumology and Allergy, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland ; Healthy Aging Research Centre (HARC), Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
Unit of Psychodermatology, Chair of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2015 Jul 15;10:1331-41. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S82420. eCollection 2015.
COPD is associated with different comorbid diseases, and their frequency increases with age. Comorbidities severely impact costs of health care, intensity of symptoms, quality of life and, most importantly, may contribute to life span shortening. Some comorbidities are well acknowledged and established in doctors' awareness. However, both everyday practice and literature searches provide evidence of other, less recognized diseases, which are frequently associated with COPD. We call them underrecognized comorbidities, and the reason why this is so may be related to their relatively low clinical significance, inefficient literature data, or data ambiguity. In this review, we describe rhinosinusitis, skin abnormalities, eye diseases, different endocrinological disorders, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Possible links to COPD pathogenesis have been discussed, if the data were available.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）与多种合并症相关，且其发生率随年龄增长而增加。合并症严重影响医疗保健成本、症状严重程度、生活质量，最重要的是，可能导致寿命缩短。一些合并症在医生的认知中已得到充分认可。然而，日常实践和文献检索均表明，还有其他一些较少被认识到的疾病，它们常与COPD相关。我们将其称为未被充分认识的合并症，其原因可能与它们相对较低的临床意义、文献数据不足或数据模糊性有关。在本综述中，我们描述了鼻窦炎、皮肤异常、眼部疾病、不同的内分泌紊乱以及胃食管反流病。如有可用数据，还讨论了它们与COPD发病机制的可能联系。
