Lindén-Boström Margareta, Persson Carina
Department for Sustainable Development, Region Örebro County, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden.
Department for Sustainable Development, Region Örebro County, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden
Scand J Public Health. 2015 Nov;43(7):728-35. doi: 10.1177/1403494815589219. Epub 2015 Jul 30.
To analyse whether there are differences in mental health among adolescents with and without various kinds of impairments, taking into account the number of impairments and gender.
Data from the study Life & Health - Young People conducted in a Swedish county in 2011 was used. The survey included all students in grades 7 (13-14 years) and 9 (15-16 years) in compulsory school and grade 2 (17-18 years) in upper secondary school; there were 7793 respondents (81.0%). The students answered a questionnaire anonymously during school hours. Various measures of mental health were assessed in the groups: hard of hearing, visual impairment, motor impairment, difficulties in reading/writing/dyslexia, attention deficit hyperactive disorder/attention deficit disorder, other impairment, no impairment.
Of the studied impairments, difficulties in reading/writing/dyslexia are the most common (6.3%), followed by hard of hearing (5.4%). To have at least one impairment is more common among boys (18.2%) than girls (15.4%). In the impairment group, 21.5% have multiple impairments. Adolescents with impairments have worse mental health than those without, and those with multiple impairments have particularly higher odds ratio to have worse mental health. There are also differences in mental health between number and various kinds of impairments and between girls and boys.
Adolescents with impairments, particularly girls and those with multiple impairments, have considerably worse mental health than others. These inequalities in health are an immense challenge, not only for those directly involved with the impaired: they affect everyone involved with the goal health equity for the whole population.
考虑到损伤的数量和性别，分析有不同类型损伤和无损伤的青少年在心理健康方面是否存在差异。
使用了2011年在瑞典一个县进行的“生活与健康——青少年”研究的数据。该调查涵盖了义务教育阶段7年级（13 - 14岁）和9年级（15 - 16岁）以及高中2年级（17 - 18岁）的所有学生；共有7793名受访者（81.0%）。学生们在上课时间匿名回答了一份问卷。对以下几组人群的多种心理健康指标进行了评估：听力障碍、视力障碍、运动障碍、读写困难/诵读困难、注意力缺陷多动障碍/注意力缺陷障碍、其他损伤、无损伤。
在所研究的损伤类型中，读写困难/诵读困难最为常见（6.3%），其次是听力障碍（5.4%）。至少有一种损伤在男孩中（18.2%）比女孩中（15.4%）更常见。在有损伤的群体中，21.5%有多种损伤。有损伤的青少年心理健康状况比无损伤的青少年更差，而有多种损伤的青少年心理健康状况更差的比值比尤其更高。在损伤的数量和类型以及男孩和女孩之间，心理健康也存在差异。
有损伤的青少年，尤其是女孩和有多种损伤的青少年，心理健康状况比其他人差得多。这些健康方面的不平等不仅对直接涉及损伤者构成巨大挑战：它们还影响到所有致力于实现全体人口健康公平目标的人。
