Garnham Alan, Doehren Sam, Gygax Pascal
School of Psychology, University of Sussex Brighton, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg Fribourg, Switzerland.
Front Psychol. 2015 Jul 22;6:1023. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01023. eCollection 2015.
We present a study comparing, in English, perceived distributions of men and women in 422 named occupations with actual real world distributions. The first set of data was obtained from previous a large-scale norming study, whereas the second set was mostly drawn from UK governmental sources. In total, real world ratios for 290 occupations were obtained for our perceive vs. real world comparison, of which 205 were deemed to be unproblematic. The means for the two sources were similar and the correlation between them was high, suggesting that people are generally accurate at judging real gender ratios, though there were some notable exceptions. Beside this correlation, some interesting patterns emerged from the two sources, suggesting some response strategies when people complete norming studies. We discuss these patterns in terms of the way real world data might complement norming studies in determining gender stereotypicality.
我们呈现了一项研究,该研究用英语比较了422种指定职业中人们所感知的男性和女性分布情况与现实世界中的实际分布。第一组数据来自之前一项大规模的常模研究,而第二组数据主要取自英国政府来源。总体而言,我们获得了290种职业的现实世界比例,用于感知与现实世界的比较,其中205种被认为没有问题。两个来源的均值相似,且它们之间的相关性很高,这表明人们在判断实际性别比例时总体上是准确的,不过也有一些明显的例外。除了这种相关性之外,从这两个来源还出现了一些有趣的模式,这表明人们在完成常模研究时会采用一些应对策略。我们从现实世界数据在确定性别刻板印象方面如何补充常模研究的角度来讨论这些模式。