Admon Roee, Pizzagalli Diego A
McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2015 Aug 1;4:114-118. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.12.011.
Anhedonia - diminished pleasure and/or decreased reactivity to pleasurable stimuli - is a core feature of depression that frequently persists after treatment. As a result, extensive effort has been directed towards characterizing the psychological and biological processes that mediate dysfunctional reward processing in depression. Reward processing can be parsed into sub-components that include motivation, reinforcement learning, and hedonic capacity, which, according to preclinical and neuroimaging evidence, involve partially dissociable brain systems. In line with this, recent findings indicate that behavioral impairments and neural abnormalities in depression vary across distinct reward-related constructs. Ultimately, improved understanding of precise reward-related dysfunctions in depression promises to improve diagnostic and therapeutic efforts in depression.
快感缺失——愉悦感降低和/或对愉悦刺激的反应性降低——是抑郁症的一个核心特征，在治疗后常常持续存在。因此，人们付出了大量努力来刻画介导抑郁症中功能失调的奖赏处理的心理和生物学过程。奖赏处理可细分为包括动机、强化学习和享乐能力在内的子成分，根据临床前和神经影像学证据，这些子成分涉及部分可分离的脑系统。与此一致的是，最近的研究结果表明，抑郁症中的行为障碍和神经异常在不同的奖赏相关结构中有所不同。最终，更好地理解抑郁症中与奖赏相关的确切功能障碍有望改善抑郁症的诊断和治疗工作。
