Department of Psychology, Northumbria University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Essex , Essex , UK.
Front Public Health. 2015 Jul 30;3:183. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2015.00183. eCollection 2015.
The health benefits of school food have been widely promoted in recent years while the social opportunities that surround eating occasions at school have received little attention. Breakfast clubs (BCs), which take place at the start of the school day, offer a unique opportunity for children to consume a breakfast meal on their school premises in the company of their peers. Alternatively, after-school clubs (ASCs), which take place on school premises at the end of the school day, whilst also providing children with social opportunities tend to focus on sports engagement and skill development. The aim of the current paper is to investigate whether attendance at BCs and ASCs has an impact on children's friendship quality and experiences of peer victimization. BC attendees, ASC attendees, and non-attendees completed the Friendship Qualities Scale and the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS) at two time points. Time-1 data were collected 2 months after the introduction of school clubs. Time-2 data were then collected on the same measures again 6 months later. Results of the analyses of Time-1 data showed no significant differences between groups on any of the measures at Time-1. However, at Time-2, BC attendees showed improved levels of friendship quality compared to the other two groups. Moreover, analysis of the MPVS data at Time-2 showed that children who attended BC or ASC experienced a decline in victimization across time. The current findings suggest that BC attendance facilitates the quality of children's relationships with their best friend over time. Additionally, attendance at a breakfast or ASC was associated with a reduction in victimization over time. The results have implications for utilization of breakfast and ASCs to aid children's social relationships in school over time.
近年来，学校食品的健康益处得到了广泛宣传，而围绕学校餐饮时刻的社交机会却很少受到关注。早餐俱乐部（BC）在上学日开始时举行，为孩子们提供了一个独特的机会，让他们在学校里与同龄人一起享用早餐。相比之下，放学后俱乐部（ASC）在放学日也在学校举行，虽然也为孩子们提供了社交机会，但往往侧重于体育参与和技能发展。本文旨在探讨参加 BC 和 ASC 是否会对儿童的友谊质量和同伴受害经历产生影响。BC 参加者、ASC 参加者和非参加者在两个时间点完成了友谊质量量表和多维同伴受害量表（MPVS）。时间 1 的数据是在学校俱乐部成立 2 个月后收集的。然后，在 6 个月后再次收集相同措施的时间 2 数据。时间 1 数据分析的结果显示，在时间 1 时，各组在任何测量指标上均无显著差异。然而，在时间 2 时，BC 参加者的友谊质量水平与其他两组相比有所提高。此外，对时间 2 的 MPVS 数据分析显示，参加 BC 或 ASC 的儿童的受害程度随时间呈下降趋势。目前的研究结果表明，BC 参加者有助于儿童与其最好朋友的关系质量随时间的推移而提高。此外，参加早餐或 ASC 与随时间减少受害有关。这些结果对利用早餐和 ASC 来帮助儿童随时间建立学校的社交关系具有重要意义。
