Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53211, USA.
Small. 2015 Oct 28;11(40):5336-59. doi: 10.1002/smll.201500831. Epub 2015 Aug 27.
Water contaminants, e.g., inorganic chemicals and microorganisms, are critical metrics for water quality monitoring and have significant impacts on human health and plants/organisms living in water. The scope and focus of this review is nanomaterial-based optical, electronic, and electrochemical sensors for rapid detection of water contaminants, e.g., heavy metals, anions, and bacteria. These contaminants are commonly found in different water systems. The importance of water quality monitoring and control demands significant advancement in the detection of contaminants in water because current sensing technologies for water contaminants have limitations. The advantages of nanomaterial-based sensing technologies are highlighted and recent progress on nanomaterial-based sensors for rapid water contaminant detection is discussed. An outlook for future research into this rapidly growing field is also provided.
水污染物，例如无机化学物质和微生物，是水质监测的关键指标，对人类健康和生活在水中的植物/生物有重大影响。本次综述的范围和重点是基于纳米材料的光学、电子和电化学传感器，用于快速检测水污染物，例如重金属、阴离子和细菌。这些污染物通常存在于不同的水系统中。由于当前用于检测水中污染物的传感技术存在局限性，因此对水质监测和控制的重视要求在污染物检测方面取得重大进展。本文强调了基于纳米材料的传感技术的优势，并讨论了用于快速检测水中污染物的基于纳米材料的传感器的最新进展。还对这个快速发展的领域的未来研究进行了展望。
