de Macedo Liliane Dias E Dias, De Oliveira Thaís Cristina Galdino, Soares Fernanda Cabral, Bento-Torres João, Bento-Torres Natáli Valim Oliver, Anthony Daniel Clive, Picanço-Diniz Cristovam Wanderley
Laboratory of Investigations in Neurodegeneration and Infection, Institute of Biological Sciences, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Para, Brazil.
Laboratory of Investigations in Neurodegeneration and Infection, Institute of Biological Sciences, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Para, Brazil ; College of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil.
Clin Interv Aging. 2015 Aug 19;10:1351-9. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S80997. eCollection 2015.
We previously demonstrated the beneficial effects of a multisensory and cognitive stimulation program, consisting of 48 sessions, twice a week, to improve the cognition of elderly subjects living either in long-term care institutions (institutionalized - I) or in communities with their families (noninstitutionalized - NI). In the present study, we evaluated these subjects after the end of the intervention and compared the rate of age-related cognitive decline of those living in an enriched community environment (NI group, n=15, 74.1±3.9 years old) with those living in the impoverished environment of long-term care institutions (I group, n=20, 75.1±6.8 years old). Both groups participated fully in our stimulation program. Over 1 year, we conducted revaluations at five time points (2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 8 months, and 12 months) after the completion of the intervention. Both elderly groups were evaluated with the mini-mental state examination and selected language tests. Progressive cognitive decline was observed in both groups over the period. Indeed, it took only 4-6 months after the end of the stimulation program for significant reductions in language test scores to become apparent. However, earlier reductions in test scores were mainly associated with I group, and linguistic prosody test scores were significantly affected by institutionalization and time, two variables that interacted and reduced these scores. Moreover, I group reduced the Montréal cognitive assessment battery language tests scores 4 months before NI group. It remains to be investigated what mechanisms may explain the earlier and more intense language losses in institutionalized elderly.
我们之前曾证明，一个由48节课程组成、每周两次的多感官和认知刺激项目，对改善居住在长期护理机构（机构化 - I）或与家人生活在社区（非机构化 - NI）的老年受试者的认知有有益影响。在本研究中，我们在干预结束后对这些受试者进行了评估，并比较了生活在丰富社区环境中的受试者（NI组，n = 15，74.1±3.9岁）与生活在长期护理机构贫困环境中的受试者（I组，n = 20，75.1±6.8岁）的年龄相关认知衰退率。两组都充分参与了我们的刺激项目。在1年的时间里，我们在干预完成后的五个时间点（2个月、4个月、6个月、8个月和12个月）进行了重新评估。对两组老年受试者都进行了简易精神状态检查和选定的语言测试。在此期间，两组均观察到渐进性认知衰退。事实上，在刺激项目结束后仅4 - 6个月，语言测试成绩的显著下降就变得明显。然而，测试成绩的早期下降主要与I组相关，并且语言韵律测试成绩受到机构化和时间的显著影响，这两个变量相互作用并降低了这些成绩。此外，I组在NI组之前4个月就降低了蒙特利尔认知评估量表语言测试成绩。机构化老年人中更早、更严重的语言丧失可能由何种机制导致仍有待研究。
