Mitchelson Keith Richard, Qin Wen-Yan
Keith Richard Mitchelson, Wen-Yan Qin, National Engineering Research Centre for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China.
World J Biol Chem. 2015 Aug 26;6(3):162-208. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v6.i3.162.
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that participate in different biological processes, providing subtle combinational regulation of cellular pathways, often by regulating components of signalling pathways. Aberrant expression of miRNAs is an important factor in the development and progression of disease. The canonical myomiRs (miR-1, -133 and -206) are central to the development and health of mammalian skeletal and cardiac muscles, but new findings show they have regulatory roles in the development of other mammalian non-muscle tissues, including nerve, brain structures, adipose and some specialised immunological cells. Moreover, the deregulation of myomiR expression is associated with a variety of different cancers, where typically they have tumor suppressor functions, although examples of an oncogenic role illustrate their diverse function in different cell environments. This review examines the involvement of the related myomiRs at the crossroads between cell development/tissue regeneration/tissue inflammation responses, and cancer development.
微小RNA是一类小的非编码RNA，参与不同的生物学过程，通常通过调节信号通路的组成部分，对细胞途径进行精细的组合调控。微小RNA的异常表达是疾病发生和发展的重要因素。经典的肌微小RNA（miR-1、-133和-206）对哺乳动物骨骼肌和心肌的发育及健康至关重要，但新的研究结果表明，它们在其他哺乳动物非肌肉组织（包括神经、脑结构、脂肪和一些特殊免疫细胞）的发育中也具有调节作用。此外，肌微小RNA表达失调与多种不同癌症相关，在这些癌症中它们通常具有肿瘤抑制功能，不过也有致癌作用的例子，这说明它们在不同细胞环境中具有多样的功能。本综述探讨了相关肌微小RNA在细胞发育/组织再生/组织炎症反应与癌症发展之间的交叉点上所起的作用。
