Iliopoulos Panagiotis, Damigos Dimitris, Kerezoudi Elli, Limpitaki Georgia, Xifaras Michael, Skiada Dionysoula, Tsagkovits Aikaterini, Skapinakis Petros
Department of Neurology, Pammakaristos Hospital, Iakovaton 43, Athens, 11142, Greece.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
BMC Res Notes. 2015 Sep 1;8:393. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1390-7.
Previous studies have shown that common headache triggers contribute to the onset of headache attacks on predisposed individuals and are considered important in the prevention of headache. The aim of this study was to compare the different characteristics of triggers among the most common primary headache subtypes (migraine without aura, migraine with aura and tension type headache).
A total of 116 headache patients of the neurology outpatient department of a tertiary hospital in Athens were selected according to the criteria of the International Classification of Headaches-3nd Edition Beta. Patients were interviewed using a questionnaire that contained 35 potential trigger factors.
The findings showed that migraine and tension-type headache patients report multiple triggers, on a frequent but variable basis. The most frequent triggers reported by all subjects were stressful life events followed by intense emotions. The same applies to both genders, as well as the three headache subgroups. Patients suffering from migraine with aura reported the highest mean number of trigger per person and the highest frequency in almost all the trigger categories. Furthermore, patients with migraine with aura were more likely to report the following triggers: oversleeping, premenstrual period, stressful life events, hot/cold weather, relaxation after stress, menstruation, wind, intense emotions, shining, hunger and bright sunlight. These associations were mostly independent of the sociodemographic characteristics and the presence of anxiety or depressive symptoms.
The sensitivity to trigger factors should be considered by both clinicians and headache sufferers.
先前的研究表明，常见的头痛诱发因素会导致易感个体发作头痛，并且在预防头痛方面被认为很重要。本研究的目的是比较最常见的原发性头痛亚型（无先兆偏头痛、有先兆偏头痛和紧张型头痛）之间诱发因素的不同特征。
根据《国际头痛分类第3版（β版）》的标准，选取了雅典一家三级医院神经内科门诊的116例头痛患者。使用包含35种潜在诱发因素的问卷对患者进行访谈。
研究结果表明，偏头痛和紧张型头痛患者报告了多种诱发因素，频率较高但各不相同。所有受试者报告的最常见诱发因素是生活压力事件，其次是强烈情绪。这在男性和女性以及三个头痛亚组中都是如此。有先兆偏头痛患者报告的人均诱发因素平均数最高，且几乎在所有诱发因素类别中的频率也最高。此外，有先兆偏头痛患者更有可能报告以下诱发因素：睡眠过多、经前期、生活压力事件、炎热/寒冷天气、压力后放松、月经、风、强烈情绪、闪光、饥饿和强光。这些关联大多独立于社会人口统计学特征以及焦虑或抑郁症状的存在。
临床医生和头痛患者都应考虑对诱发因素的敏感性。
